{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:44:07Z","timestamp":1793119447231,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,10]],"date-time":"2007-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Agrin is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan of the extracellular matrix and is known for organizing the postsynaptic differentiation of the neuromuscular junction. Increasing evidence also suggests roles for agrin in the developing CNS, including the formation and maintenance of the blood\u2013brain barrier. Here we describe effects of agrin on the expression and distribution of the water channel protein aquaporin\u20104 (AQP4) and on the swelling capacity of cultured astrocytes of newborn mice. If astrocytes were cultured on a substrate containing poly <jats:sc>dl<\/jats:sc>\u2010ornithine, anti\u2010AQP4 immunoreactivity was evenly and diffusely distributed. If, however, astrocytes were cultured in the presence of agrin\u2010conditioned medium, we observed an increase in the intensity of AQP4\u2010specific membrane\u2010associated staining. Freeze\u2010fracture studies revealed a clustering of orthogonal arrays of particles, representing a structural equivalent of AQP4, when exogenous agrin was present in the astrocyte cultures. Neuronal and non\u2010neuronal agrin isoforms (agrin A0B0 and agrin A4B8, respectively) were able to induce membrane\u2010associated AQP4 staining. Water transport capacity as well as the density of orthogonal arrays of intramembranous particles was increased in astrocytes cultured with the neuronal agrin isoform A4B8, but not with the endothelial and meningeal isoform A0B0. RT\u2010PCR demonstrated that agrin A4B8 increased the level of the M23 splice variant of AQP4 and decreased the level of the M1 splice variant of AQP4. Implications for the regulation and maintenance of the blood\u2013brain barrier including oedema formation under pathological conditions are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05850.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,10]],"date-time":"2007-10-10T08:19:24Z","timestamp":1192004364000},"page":"2109-2118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Effects of agrin on the expression and distribution of the water channel protein aquaporin\u20104 and volume regulation in cultured astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Noell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Fallier\u2010Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cordian","family":"Beyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Kr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas F.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hartwig","family":"Wolburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.08.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2336064100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199701)208:1<62::AID-AJA6>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00121-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.135.3.1220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00045.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20515"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2235843100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03149-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1331.2001.00742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.6.2654"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.26.13052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1997.0651"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1990.055.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199903)26:1<47::AID-GLIA5>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.08.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440030403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(200007)31:1<29::AID-GLIA30>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.7.1297","article-title":"Role of aquaporin\u20104 water channel in the development and integrity of the blood\u2013brain barrier","volume":"114","author":"Nico B","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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