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The aim of this study was to test if intrathecal application to the rat medulla of the astroglial glutamine synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximine (MSO) can influence the central sensitization of MDH nociceptive neurons and the animal\u2019s associated behaviour that are manifested in a model of chronic pulpitis pain induced by exposure of a mandibular molar pulp. This model was found to be associated with nocifensive behaviour and enhanced reflex activity evoked by mechanical stimulation of the rat\u2019s facial skin and with immunocytochemical evidence of astroglial activation in the MDH. These features were apparent for up to 28\u2003days post\u2010operatively. During this post\u2010operative period, the nocifensive behaviour and enhanced reflex activity were significantly attenuated by intrathecal application of MSO (5\u2003\u03bcL, 10\u2003mM) but not by vehicle application. In electrophysiological recordings of nociceptive neuronal activity in the MDH, central sensitization was also evident in pulp\u2010exposed rats but not in intact rats and could be significantly attenuated by MSO application but not by vehicle application. These behavioural and neuronal findings suggest that the astroglial glutamate\u2013glutamine shuttle is responsible for the maintenance of inflammation\u2010induced nocifensive behavioural changes and the accompanying central sensitization in MDH nociceptive neurons in this chronic pulpitis pain model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07747.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,30]],"date-time":"2011-06-30T12:51:24Z","timestamp":1309438284000},"page":"292-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Modulation of astroglial glutamine synthetase activity affects nociceptive behaviour and central sensitization of medullary dorsal horn nociceptive neurons in a rat model of chronic pulpitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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