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Multiple gene\u2010shuffling events are apparent, including mobilized and replicated transposition, as well as plasmid or phage integration events into the 2.66\u2003Mbp chromosome and two plasmids (65 and 56\u2003kbp) of\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    C91. A 117\u2003kbp genomic island encodes multiple genes for heavy metal resistance, including clusters for copper and mercury transport, which are absent from the genomes of other ammonia\u2010oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Whereas the sequences of the two ammonia monooxygenase and three hydroxylamine oxidoreductase gene clusters in\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    C91 are highly similar to those of\n                    <jats:italic>Nitrosomonas europaea<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 19718, a break of synteny in the regions flanking these clusters in each genome is evident.\n                    <jats:italic>Nitrosomonas eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    C91 encodes four gene clusters for distinct classes of haem\u2010copper oxidases, two of which are not found in other aerobic AOB. This diversity of terminal oxidases may explain the adaptation of\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    to environments with variable O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentrations and\/or high concentrations of nitrogen oxides. As with\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003europaea<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    genome lacks genes for urease metabolism, likely disadvantaging nitrosomonads in low\u2010nitrogen or acidic ecosystems. Taken together, this analysis revealed significant genomic variation between\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    C91 and other AOB, even the closely related\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003europaea<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and several distinctive properties of the\n                    <jats:italic>N.\u2003eutropha<\/jats:italic>\n                    genome that are supportive of niche specialization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01409.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,2]],"date-time":"2007-08-02T16:26:22Z","timestamp":1186071982000},"page":"2993-3007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["Whole\u2010genome analysis of the ammonia\u2010oxidizing bacterium,\n                    <i>Nitrosomonas eutropha<\/i>\n                    C91: implications for niche adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lisa Y.","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Arp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Berube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick S. 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