{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:34:44Z","timestamp":1790872484276,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,9]],"date-time":"2008-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Genotypic variability and clonal persistence are important concepts in molecular epidemiology as they facilitate the search for the source of sporadic cases or outbreaks of legionellosis. We studied the genotypic variability and persistence of\n                    <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n                    pulsed\u2010field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns over time (period\u2003&gt;\u20036\u2003months) in 34 positive cooling towers from two different areas. In area A, radius of 70\u2003km, 52 indistinguishable PFGE patterns were differentiated among the 27 cooling towers. In 13 cooling towers we observed \u2265\u20032 PFGE patterns. Each cooling tower had its own indistinguishable\n                    <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n                    PFGE pattern which was not shared with any other cooling tower. In area B, radius of 1\u2003km, 10 indistinguishable PFGE patterns were obtained from the seven cooling towers. In four, we observed \u2265\u20032 PFGE patterns. Three of these 10 indistinguishable PFGE patterns were shared by more than one cooling tower. In 27 of 34 cooling towers the same PFGE pattern was recovered after 6\u2003months to up to 5\u2003years of follow\u2010up. The large genotypic diversity of\n                    <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n                    observed in the cooling towers aids in the investigation of community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease. However, shared patterns in small areas may confound the epidemiological investigation. The persistence of some PFGE patterns in cooling towers makes the recovery of the\n                    <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolate causing the outbreak possible over time.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01460.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,13]],"date-time":"2008-03-13T03:18:08Z","timestamp":1205378288000},"page":"395-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Genotypic variability and persistence of\n                    <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>\n                    PFGE patterns in 34 cooling towers from two different areas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Inma","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Garcia\u2010Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Ragull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nieves","family":"Sopena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria 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