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We systematically review the literature on temporary abdominal closure to ascertain whether the method can be tailored to the indication.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method\u2002<\/jats:bold> Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and relevant meeting abstracts until December 2009 were searched using the following headings: open abdomen, laparostomy, VAC (vacuum assisted closure), TNP (topical negative pressure), fascial closure, temporary abdominal closure, fascial dehiscence and deep wound dehiscence. The data were analysed by closure technique and aetiology. The primary end\u2010points included delayed fascial closure and in\u2010hospital mortality. The secondary end\u2010points were intra\u2010abdominal complications.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> The search identified 106 papers for inclusion. The techniques described were VAC (38 series), mesh\/sheet (30 series), packing (15 series), Wittmann patch (eight series), Bogot\u00e1 bag (six series), dynamic retention sutures (three series), zipper (15 series), skin only and locking device (one series each). The highest facial closure rates were seen with the Wittmann patch (78%), dynamic retention sutures (71%) and VAC (61%).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Temporary abdominal closure has evolved from simple packing to VAC based systems. In the absence of sepsis Wittmann patch and VAC offered the best outcome. In its presence VAC had the highest delayed primary closure and the lowest mortality rates. However, due to data heterogeneity only limited conclusions can be drawn from this analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2012.03045.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,9]],"date-time":"2012-04-09T05:57:21Z","timestamp":1333951041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["The open abdomen and temporary abdominal closure systems \u2013 historical evolution and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"A. 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