{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:52:00Z","timestamp":1775742720041,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,16]],"date-time":"2011-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>To compare the tear\u2010film osmolarity of normal cats and cats with conjunctivitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Animal studied\u2002<\/jats:bold>The population consisted of shelter, research, and privately owned cats.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures\u2002<\/jats:bold>Cats were classified as normal or having conjunctivitis. An ophthalmic examination including Schirmer tear test (STT), fluorescein staining, tear\u2010film break\u2010up time (TFBUT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and slit\u2010lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior segment was performed. The severity of conjunctivitis was graded and assigned a numerical score. The Tear Lab<jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>Osmolarity System was utilized to determine the tear\u2010film osmolarity. Unpaired<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests were used to compare tear\u2010film osmolarity, TFBUT, IOP, and STT of the two groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>A total of 93 cats (186 eyes) were examined. There were 37 normal cats (74 eyes) and 39 conjunctivitis cats (78 eyes). The mean age was 2.34\u2003years. There was no statistical difference (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u20030.2065) between the median tear\u2010film osmolarity of normal cats (328.5\u2003\u00b1\u200317.94\u2003mOsms\/L) and conjunctivitis cats (325.0\u2003\u00b1\u200324.84\u2003mOsms\/L). Cats with conjunctivitis had an accelerated TFBUT (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20030.0001) and lower IOPs (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20030.0001) as compared to normal cats. No statistical difference was found between STT values (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u20030.1304).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold>The median tear\u2010film osmolarity of normal cats was 328.5\u2003mOsms\/L. Despite the accelerated TFBUT, conjunctivitis did not cause a statistically significant change in tear\u2010film osmolarity. The Tear Lab<jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>Osmolarity System was easily used and well tolerated by the cats in the study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2011.00916.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,16]],"date-time":"2011-09-16T19:32:17Z","timestamp":1316201537000},"page":"54-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Tear\u2010film osmolarity in normal cats and cats with conjunctivitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kyshia","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70028-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1978.03910050373015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0181-5512(07)89584-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0299"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ICL.0000162759.79740.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0581"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2005.00403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.70.3.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200203001-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(03)00204-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00448797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70566-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","article-title":"Tear film osmolarity as a diagnostic tool in small animal and equine medicine? 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