{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:43:05Z","timestamp":1789926185372,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,23]],"date-time":"2006-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We review the effectiveness of androgen\u2010deprivation therapy (ADT) in the management of prostate cancer, and the effect that this treatment has on a patient\u2019s quality of life (QoL), based on discussions held at a European symposium on the management of prostate cancer. The overall QoL is reduced in asymptomatic men, and there are known decreases in cognitive function, self\u2010esteem, libido and sexual function. Hot flashes are also a frequent problem. Prolonged ADT can lead to osteoporosis and subsequently fractures. Various effective methods exist to manage and minimize these side\u2010effects; some are specific to the side\u2010effect, whereas other more general methods include lifestyle changes, specific drugs and added hormonal manipulations. Intermittent ADT for patients taking luteinizing hormone\u2010releasing hormone agonists offers a promising method to reduce adverse effects, and possibly increases the time to androgen independence. Initial studies indicate that prostate\u2010specific antigen\u2010based progression with intermittent ADT is similar to that seen with continuous ADT, but there is a reduction in side\u2010effects, leading to an improvement in QoL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410x.2006.06176.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,23]],"date-time":"2006-03-23T07:21:16Z","timestamp":1143098476000},"page":"20-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Optimizing outcomes and quality of life in the hormonal treatment of prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"NICOLAS","family":"MOTTET","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TOMMASO","family":"PRAYER\u2010GALETTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PETER","family":"HAMMERER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL W.","family":"KATTAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ULF","family":"TUNN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000107247.81471.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2004.tb02791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000615)88:12 <3009::AID-CNCR17>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"StuderUE WhelanP AlbrechtWet al.Patients with asymptomatic prostate cancer T.0\u20134 N.0\u20132 M.0 not suitable for local definitive treatment: do they need immediate androgen deprivation?Eur Urol2005;4(Suppl. 3) 78: abstract 303","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-9056(05)80311-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.13.981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65972-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80419-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","first-page":"183","article-title":"Immediate versus deferred treatment for advanced disease","volume":"23","author":"Kirk D","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Surv"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","first-page":"293","article-title":"Studies on prostatic cancer. I. The effects of castration, of estrogen and of androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate","volume":"1","author":"Huggins C","year":"1941","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00263642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(89)90106-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(05)70232-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(03)00331-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.19.1582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67533-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2003.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104990910201900410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4646","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2004.22.90140.4646","article-title":"A longitudinal pilot study to investigate whether hormonal therapy for prostate cancer affects cognition","volume":"22","author":"Bloomfield DJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4650","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2004.22.90140.4650","article-title":"Effect of high\u2010dose estrogen on memory in men with prostate cancer","volume":"22","author":"Beer TM","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/77.11.1207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Incidence and management of hot flashes in prostate cancer","volume":"1","author":"Spetz AC","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Support Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000019547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","unstructured":"KruusLK PalmerS MalkowiczS VaughnDJ CoyneJC.The influence of fatigue and hot flashes on the quality of life in prostate cancer patients. quality of life management.ASCO Annual Meeting2001 May 1215San Francisco USA.Abstract1594"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-002-0316-x","article-title":"Antiestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators reduce prostate cancer risk","volume":"21","author":"Steiner MS","year":"2003","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91092-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005392-199907000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.23.4280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2005.00094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65060-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65165-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000143930.73016.c6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4507","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2004.22.90140.4507","article-title":"Association between androgen deprivation therapy and fracture risk: a population\u2010based cohort study in men with non\u2010metastatic prostate cancer","volume":"22","author":"Smith MR","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041943"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09075-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-1439(03)00109-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000097351.48848.1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2003.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200320030-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.05.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000145511.56476.00"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Bone loss in prostate cancer: evaluation, treatment and prevention","volume":"12","author":"Saad F","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4605","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2004.22.90140.4605","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk and sub\u2010clinical atherosclerosis in prostate cancer: Patient with and without androgen ablation","volume":"22","author":"Overman M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YannucciJ ManolaJ GarnickM BubleyG.The effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on lipid and HbA1c parameters.ASCO Annual Meeting2005 May 1317Orlando USA.Abstract4562","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.4562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1159\/000480795","article-title":"Flutamide versus orchidectomy in the treatment of metastatic prostate carcinoma","volume":"32","author":"Boccon\u2010Gibod L","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(02)00435-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"Metastatic prostate cancer \u2013 a randomized study of cyproterone acetate versus flutamide (EORTC 30892 \u2013 final analysis)","volume":"37","author":"Schroeder FH","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","unstructured":"SieberPR KeillerDL KahnoskiRJet al.Bone mineral density is maintained during bicalutamide (\u2018Casodex\u2019) treatment.ASCO Annual Meeting2002 May 1821 Orlando USA.Abstract783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000140159.94703.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64652-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)00958-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.9-3-295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_2","first-page":"2275","article-title":"Effects of androgen withdrawal on the stem cell composition of the Shionogi carcinoma","volume":"50","author":"Bruchovsky N","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_2","first-page":"389","article-title":"[Theoretical considerations and initial clinical results of intermittent hormone treatment of patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma]","volume":"34","author":"Bruchovsky N","year":"1995","journal-title":"Urologe A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930501)71:9<2782::AID-CNCR2820710916>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(96)00018-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_64_2","first-page":"65","article-title":"Mechanisms of androgen\u2010independent tumor growth","volume":"4","author":"Goldenberg SL","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_2","first-page":"1809","article-title":"Intermittent androgen suppression in prostate cancer: an update of the Vancouver experience","volume":"10","author":"Pether M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)01572-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052304"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2004.04597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66598-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(03)00375-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000072488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64845-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000154780.72631.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(18)38683-X","article-title":"Intermittent is as effective as continuous androgen deprivation in patients with PSA\u2010relapse after radical prostatectomy (RP)","volume":"171","author":"Tunn UW","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000079690"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2003.04015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087794"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00381-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00547-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01114-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(03)00004-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(18)38683-X","article-title":"Intermittent is as effective as continuous androgen deprivation in patients with PSA\u2010relapse after radical prostatectomy (RP)","volume":"17","author":"Tunn UW","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000020353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000091640.59812.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Da SilvaFC Gon\u00e7alvesF SantosAet al.Phase III study intermittent monotherapy versus continuous combined androgen deprivation: an international cooperative study. Program and.Abstracts of the AUA: Annual Meeting;May 2126 2005; San Antonio Texas.Abstract813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(18)34982-6"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1464-410X.2006.06176.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06176.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T15:35:46Z","timestamp":1761752146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06176.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,8]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06176.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-410x.2006.06176.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4096","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-410X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-06-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}