{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T08:32:42Z","timestamp":1774686762228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]],"date-time":"2009-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1248912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5173,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical course in patients followed right from the onset of microalbuminuria to the development of diabetic nephropathy. A 10\u2010year prospective follow\u2010up of 209 consecutive normotensive insulin\u2010dependent diabetic patients with normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE &lt;30 mg 24 h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), age 34 (18\u201350) years and duration of diabetes 17 (10\u201330) years was performed. Twenty\u2010four\u2010hour urinary albumin excretion was measured every 4 months, glycated haemoglobin and supine blood pressure was measured annually. Two\u2010hundred (96%) patients completed 10 (range 5\u201310) years follow\u2010up. Twenty\u2010nine (15%) patients developed persistent microalbuminuria (UAE 30\u2013300 mg 24 h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). Eight of these have progressed to nephropathy and one had died of diabetic nephropathy. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated baseline urinary albumin excretion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0016) and glycated haemoglobin (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0014) but not blood pressure as predictors of development of microalbuminuria within the following 10 years. The median annual increase in urinary albumin excretion was 27 (range 17\u201365)% in the 29 patients developing microalbuminuria. The median duration from onset of microalbuminuria to development of nephropathy was 7 years. The prevalence of patients receiving antihypertensive treatment (BP &gt; 140\/90 mmHg) increased from 10% at onset of microalbuminuria to 45% 4 years after onset of microalbuminuria. The prevalence of patients with proliferative retinopathy increased from 7% at onset of microalbuminuria to 28% 4 years after onset of microalbuminuria. The incidence of persistent microalbuminuria in normotensive insulin\u2010dependent diabetic patients is 2% per year, and development of persistent microalbuminuria is a strong predictor of overt nephropathy. Development of hypertension is frequent in the early course of microalbuminuria and treatment modalities for normotensive patients with microalbuminuria are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1995.tb00528.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]],"date-time":"2009-07-30T11:51:04Z","timestamp":1248954664000},"page":"482-487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["The Natural Course of Microalbuminuria in Insulin\u2010dependent Diabetes: A 10\u2010year Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"E.R.","family":"Mathiesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"R\u00f8nn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Storm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Foght","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Deckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00281993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3109\/08860228509088195","article-title":"Microalbuminuria, an early marker of renal involvement in diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Mogensen CE","year":"1986","journal-title":"Uremia Investigation"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Prevention of diabetic nephropathy: Microalbuminuria and perspectives for intervention in insulindependent diabetes","volume":"40","author":"Mathiesen ER.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Danish Med Bul"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.39.2.245","article-title":"The relationship between blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in the development of microalbuminuria","volume":"39","author":"Mathiesen ER","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(65)90004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365518509155256"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Variability of urinary albumin excretion in incipient diabetic nephropathy","volume":"3","author":"Feldt\u2010Rasmussen B.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Diabetic Nephropathy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00421859"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00284458"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.36.2.205","article-title":"Declining incidence of persistent proteinuria in Type 1 (insulin\u2010dependent) diabetic patients in Denmark","volume":"36","author":"Kofoed\u2010Enevoldsen A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6887.1235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.10.1376"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00418270"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6794.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6861.1051"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.17.2.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420080075034","article-title":"Glucose Control and the renal and retinal complications of insulin dependent diabetes","volume":"261","author":"Chase HP","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc;"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(92)90121-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510280037029","article-title":"Pauls JF for the European Microalbuminuria Captopril Study Group. 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