{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:56:58Z","timestamp":1780606618153,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,13]],"date-time":"2005-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1121212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2003<\/jats:bold> Description of nurse case management experiences across different settings and patient populations is needed to define critical elements of the intervention and to help develop a workforce capable of responding to the growing diabetic population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2003<\/jats:bold> In a clinic providing services to American Indian and Alaska Native people, a retrospective cohort design was used to assess outcomes of patients who did and did not receive case management services and to quantify the case load of a team of four nurse case managers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold> Patients with nurse case managers were more likely to have an eye examination [OR 2.9, 95% CI (2.1, 3.8)], diet and exercise instruction by a registered dietitian [OR 2.8, 95% CI (1.9, 4.1)], self monitor blood glucose [OR 2.1, 95% CI (1.5, 3.1)], dental examination [OR 1.7, 95% CI (1.3, 2.3)], foot examination [OR 1.6, 95% CI (1.2, 2.1)], and nephropathy screening [OR 1.6, 95% CI (1.2, 2.1)]. After adjustment for type of treatment, initial HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>, and diet instruction by a registered dietitian, the change in HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> remained significantly greater among those patients with a case manager than in those without (\u22120.52 units with vs. \u22120.17 units without, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.006). The case load used to achieve this outcome averaged one nurse case manager per 365 patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2003<\/jats:bold> In this setting, a case management team comprised of four nurses with varying degrees of clinical experience was effective in improving adherence with diabetes services and had a favourable effect on short\u2010term glucose control trends.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01604.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,12]],"date-time":"2005-09-12T10:46:02Z","timestamp":1126521962000},"page":"1116-1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nurse case manager effectiveness and case load in a large clinical practice: implications for workforce 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