{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:56:16Z","timestamp":1790164576186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,11]],"date-time":"2011-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1294704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Diabet. Med. 28, 168\u2013174 (2011)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2002<\/jats:bold> To characterize bio\u2010psycho\u2010social factors, particularly mental disorders and self\u2010harm behaviour, associated with the development of diabetic foot ulcers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Two groups of diabetic patients with and without foot ulcers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200347 in each group) with similar sex, age and diabetes duration were assessed for mental disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Self\u2010harm behaviour, quality of life, depressive symptoms and self\u2010compassion were rated using different standard questionnaires.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patients from the ulcer group visited their practitioners and\/or psychotherapists less frequently in the last 12\u2003months than patients in the control group 0 vs. 13%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.026). The ulcer group patients had a history of increased alcohol consumption (43 vs. 19%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.025), lower levels of education (8 vs. 10\u2003grades; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.014) and income (1190 vs. 1535\u20ac\/month; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.039). Additionally, they were less likely to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders (11 vs. 32%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.022). No significant differences in glycated haemoglobin, body mass index, smoking and direct self\u2010harm behaviour were identified.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patients with foot ulcers tend to exhibit lower health\u2010conscious behaviour, particularly higher lifetime alcohol consumption, lower utilization of medical services and less general anxiety. Practitioners should be aware of these behaviours, since early detection of diabetes patients at psycho\u2010social risk and consecutive psychological intervention may be an effective preventive strategy in avoiding the development of foot ulcers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.03151.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,7]],"date-time":"2010-10-07T19:48:27Z","timestamp":1286480907000},"page":"168-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Alcohol consumption and other psycho\u2010social conditions as important factors in the development of diabetic foot ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Altenburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Joraschky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Barthel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"P\u00f6hlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rietzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Mennicken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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