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Med. 29, 190\u2013197 (2012)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2003<\/jats:bold> To assess the prevalence, awareness and treatment levels of Type 2 diabetes in a Swiss city.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2003<\/jats:bold> Population\u2010based cross\u2010sectional study of 6181 subjects (3246 women) aged 35\u201375\u2003years living in Lausanne, Switzerland. Type 2 diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose \u2265\u20037\u2003mmol\/l and\/or oral hypoglycaemic treatment and\/or insulin.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold> Total prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was 6.3% (95% confidence interval: 5.7\u20137.0%), higher in men (9.1%) than in women (3.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) and increased with age. Two\u2010thirds (65.3%; 60.4\u201370.0%) of participants with Type 2 diabetes were aware of their status and among those aware 86.0% (81.5\u201390.3%) were treated. Treatment was more frequent in men (91.3%) than in women (75.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Two\u2010thirds of those treated for Type 2 diabetes were on monotherapy. Biguanides were prescribed in 65.0% of Type 2 diabetes patients and represented 48% of all antidiabetic drugs. Multivariable analysis showed male gender, increasing age, waist or BMI to be positively associated with prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, while leisure\u2010time physical activity and alcohol consumption were negatively associated. Among participants presenting with Type 2 diabetes, increasing age was positively associated with awareness of Type 2 diabetes. Among subjects diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, male gender and increasing age were positively associated with treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:bold> Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Switzerland is estimated to be between 5.7% and 7.0%. 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