{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T04:41:08Z","timestamp":1783744868953,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["vaajournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,17]],"date-time":"2010-08-17T00:41:40Z","timestamp":1282005700000},"page":"417-424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine administered to cats via oral transmucosal or intramuscular routes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Luiz Cesar P","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W","family":"Ludders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollis N","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L","family":"Basher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pati","family":"Kirch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin D","family":"Gleed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine following intravenous and oral transmucosal administration in dogs","volume":"9","author":"Abbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.162.26.852","article-title":"Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of acepromazine or atropine given before dexmedetomidine in dogs","volume":"162","author":"Alvaides","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib3","series-title":"Use of the alpha\u20102\u2010adrenoceptor agonists medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in the sedation and analgesia of domestic cats","author":"Ansah","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.1998.00155.x","article-title":"Comparison of three doses of dexmedetomidine with medetomidine in cats following intramuscular administration","volume":"21","author":"Ansah","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Therap"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib5","series-title":"Enhancement in Drug Delivery","first-page":"182","article-title":"Enhancement of buccal and sublingual absorption","author":"Batheja","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199212000-00014","article-title":"Effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in humans. Hemodynamic changes","volume":"77","author":"Bloor","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/57.2.192","article-title":"Clinical actions of fentanyl and buprenorphine. The significance of receptor binding","volume":"57","author":"Boas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1998.tb00143.x","article-title":"A comparison of indirect blood pressure monitoring techniques in the anesthetized cat","volume":"27","author":"Caulkett","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1977.tb07533.x","article-title":"The animal pharmacology of buprenorphine, an oripavine analgesic agent","volume":"60","author":"Cowan","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2004.03589.x","article-title":"Pain and intramuscular injections","volume":"59","author":"Cupitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199408000-00021","article-title":"Oral dexmedetomidine preserves baroreceptor function and decreases anesthetic requirements of halothane\u2010anesthetized dogs","volume":"81","author":"Devcic","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1994.tb00460.x","article-title":"The cardiopulmonary effects of placing fentanyl or medetomidine in the lumbosacral epidural space of isoflurane\u2010anesthetized cats","volume":"23","author":"Duke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.01.022","article-title":"Reversibility of opioid receptor occupancy of buprenorphine in vivo","volume":"534","author":"Englberger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.216.1929","article-title":"Sedative and physiologic effects of orally administered alpha 2\u2010adrenoceptor agonists and ketamine in cats","volume":"216","author":"Grove","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200003000-00035","article-title":"Sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties of small\u2010dose dexmedetomidine infusions","volume":"90","author":"Hall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1638\/03-008","article-title":"Clinical effects and plasma concentrations of fentanyl after transmucosal administration in three species of great ape","volume":"35","author":"Hunter","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1994.tb00488.x","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory effects of four opioid\u2010tranquilizer combinations in dogs","volume":"23","author":"Jacobson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1638\/1042-7260(2000)031[0185:OIOAWD]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Oral induction of anesthesia with droperidol and transmucosal carfentanil citrate in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)","volume":"31","author":"Kearns","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1990.tb03104.x","article-title":"Hypertension in cats with chronic renal failure or hyperthyroidism","volume":"4","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1073","article-title":"Comparison of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine as premedicants in dogs undergoing propofol\u2010isoflurane anesthesia","volume":"62","author":"Kuusela","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.145.21.601","article-title":"Current British veterinary attitudes to perioperative anal\u2010gesia for cats and small mammals","volume":"145","author":"Lascelles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib21","first-page":"201","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of buccal mucosal administration of fentanyl in a carboxymethylcellulose gel compared with IV administration in dogs","volume":"9","author":"Little","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03202.x","article-title":"Spontaneous systemic hypertension in 24 cats","volume":"8","author":"Littman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(88)90260-9","article-title":"Behavioural and neurochemical effects of medetomidine, a novel veterinary sedative","volume":"158","author":"MacDonald","year":"1988","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)20411-6","article-title":"Comparison of the behavioral and neurochemical effects of the two optical enantiomers of medetomidine, a selective alpha\u20102\u2010adrenoceptor agonist","volume":"259","author":"MacDonald","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1997.58.11.1280","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of buprenorphine in anesthetized dogs","volume":"58","author":"Martinez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/009127009703700106","article-title":"Bioavailability of sublingual buprenorphine","volume":"37","author":"Mendelson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36604-2","article-title":"Kinetics of respiratory depression in rats induced by buprenorphine and its metabolite, norbuprenorphine","volume":"281","author":"Othani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1638\/03-092","article-title":"Four preanesthetic oral sedation protocols for rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)","volume":"35","author":"Pulley","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2003.10.002","article-title":"Pain management in cats: past, present and future. Part 2. Treatment of pain and clinical pharmacology","volume":"6","author":"Robertson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Fel Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.152.22.675","article-title":"Systemic uptake of buprenorphine by cats after oral mucosal administration","volume":"152","author":"Robertson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.153.15.462","article-title":"Analgesia in the cat: effects of buprenorphine, butorphanol and morphine on thermal thresholds","volume":"153","author":"Robertson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2005.00677.x","article-title":"PK\u2010PD modeling of buprenorphine in cats: intravenous and oral transmucosal administration","volume":"28","author":"Robertson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib33","series-title":"Buprenorphine: Combating Drug Abuse with a Unique Opioid","first-page":"19","article-title":"Buprenorphine: a review of the binding literature","author":"Rothman","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib34","first-page":"39","article-title":"Cardiovascular actions of medetomidine and their reversal by atipamezole","volume":"85","author":"Savola","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-8673.1986.tb00654.x","article-title":"Evidence for medetomidine as a selective and potent agonist at alpha\u20102\u2010adrenoceptors","volume":"5","author":"Savola","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Auton Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1980.tb04993.x","article-title":"Haemodynamic changes following buprenorphine and morphine","volume":"35","author":"Scott","year":"1980","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.37","article-title":"Evaluation of the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine, dexmedetomidine\u2010butorphanol, and dexmedetomidine\u2010ketamine in cats","volume":"222","author":"Selmi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.143.7.185","article-title":"Comparison of pethidine, buprenorphine and ketoprofen for postoperative analgesia after ovariohysterectomy in the cat","volume":"143","author":"Slingsby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.03.009","article-title":"Thermal antinociception after dexmedetomidine administration in cats: a comparison between intramuscular and oral transmucosaly administration","volume":"11","author":"Slingsby","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2987.2001.00062.x","article-title":"A preliminary investigation comparing pre\u2010operative morphine and buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia and sedation in cats","volume":"29","author":"Stanway","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2001.368goblin.x","article-title":"Morphine, pethidine and buprenorphine disposition in the cat","volume":"24","author":"Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03548031","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of medetomidine, a novel sedative and analgesic drug for dogs and cats","volume":"30","author":"V\u00e4h\u00e4\u2010Vahe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03548016","article-title":"Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of medetomidine in dogs and influence of anticholinergics","volume":"30","author":"Vainio","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1989.tb00664.x","article-title":"Sedative and analgesic effects of medetomidine in dogs","volume":"12","author":"Vainio","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1996.tb15405.x","article-title":"Use of anti\u2010inflammatory and analgesic drugs in dogs and cats","volume":"74","author":"Watson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1988.159","article-title":"Sublingual absorption of selected opioid analgesics","volume":"44","author":"Weinberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716305979?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1467298716305979?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T02:52:59Z","timestamp":1761447179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1467298716305979"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1467298716305979"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1467-2987"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1467-2987","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine administered to cats via oral transmucosal or intramuscular routes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}