{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T13:27:52Z","timestamp":1772803672927,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Disasters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Gokwe South, a rural district in Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, reported the lowest rate of immunisation coverage in the country in 2005: 55 per cent of children vaccinated with three doses of diphtheria\/pertussis\/tetanus vaccine (DPT3) and 35 per cent dropout between the first and third dose of DPT. In January 2007, the authors assessed local barriers to immunisation and proposed strategies to improve immunisation rates in the district, in the face of nationwide economic and political challenges. A situational analysis was performed to assess barriers to immunisation using focus\u2010group discussions with health workers, key informant interviews with health management and community leaders, and desk reviews of records. Responses were categorised and solutions proposed. Health workers and key informants reported that immunisation service delivery was hampered by insufficient availability of gas for cold\u2010chain equipment, limited transport and fuel to conduct basic activities, and inadequate staff and supervision. Improving coverage will require prioritising gas for vaccine cold\u2010chain equipment, identifying reliable transportation or alternative transportation solutions, and increased staff, training and supervision. Local assessment is critical to pinpointing site\u2010specific barriers, and innovative strategies are needed to overcome existing contextual challenges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2011.01246.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T09:07:39Z","timestamp":1306832859000},"page":"161-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The need for innovative strategies to improve immunisation services in rural Zimbabwe"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Addmore","family":"Chadambuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anderson","family":"Chimusoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsitsilina","family":"Apollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mufuta","family":"Tshimanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Namusisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth T.","family":"Luman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AlertNet(2008)Zimbabwe Crisis. 17 January.http:\/\/www.alertnet.org\/db\/crisisprofiles\/zw_CRI.htm(accessed on 13 April 2009)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60076-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00094-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60151-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Central Intelligence Agency(2008)World Fact Book.http:\/\/www.cia.gov\/library\/publications\/the\u2010world\u2010factbook\/geos\/zi.html(accessed on 22 October Oct 2008)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Lessons from High Inflation Episodes for Stabilizing the Economy in Zimbabwe","author":"Coorey S.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"International Monetary Fund(2009)\u2018Statement at the conclusion of an IMF Article IV mission to Zimbabwe\u2019.http:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/np\/sec\/pr\/2009\/pr0993.htm(accessed on 13 April 2009)."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"336","article-title":"\u2018Improving immunisation coverage\u2019","volume":"9","author":"Joseph A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"World Health Forum"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.323.5916.860"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DMP.0b013e318164d03b"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"228","article-title":"\u2018Improving vaccination coverage: the experience of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation in Vanuatu\u2019","volume":"36","author":"Maher C.P.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-6-23"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60468-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"EPI Multi\u2010Year Plan 2001\u20132005","author":"Ministry of Health and Child Welfare","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Evaluation and Five\u2010year Plan for Replacement and Rehabilitation; EPI Cold\u2010chain and Transport Equipment, Zimbabwe","author":"Ministry of Health and Child Welfare","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Child Welfare(2004b)National Health Information Unit.EPI Coverage Database."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Child Welfare(2005a)EPI Policy Document."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Child Welfare(2005b)Evaluation of Reaching Every District (RED) Approach in Zimbabwe. 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