{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T07:43:03Z","timestamp":1794642183771,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Armies, churches, organizations, and communities often engage in activities\u2014for example, marching, singing, and dancing\u2014that lead group members to act in synchrony with each other. Anthropologists and sociologists have speculated that rituals involving synchronous activity may produce positive emotions that weaken the psychological boundaries between the self and the group. This article explores whether synchronous activity may serve as a partial solution to the free-rider problem facing groups that need to motivate their members to contribute toward the collective good. Across three experiments, people acting in synchrony with others cooperated more in subsequent group economic exercises, even in situations requiring personal sacrifice. Our results also showed that positive emotions need not be generated for synchrony to foster cooperation. In total, the results suggest that acting in synchrony with others can increase cooperation by strengthening social attachment among group members.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,16]],"date-time":"2008-12-16T14:52:03Z","timestamp":1229439123000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1082,"title":["Synchrony and Cooperation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Scott S.","family":"Wiltermuth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organizational Behavior, Stanford University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chip","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organizational Behavior, Stanford University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","first-page":"891","volume":"85","author":"Andreoni J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"bibr2-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.2420080312"},{"key":"bibr3-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009918829192"},{"key":"bibr4-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0992(199911)29:7<871::AID-EJSP962>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"bibr5-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"The elementary forms of the religious life","author":"Durkheim E.","year":"1965"},{"key":"bibr6-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"Dancing in the streets","author":"Ehrenreich B.","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr7-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1137651"},{"key":"bibr8-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","author":"Haidt J.","journal-title":"Journal of Legal Studies"},{"key":"bibr9-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002190967701200108"},{"key":"bibr10-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.46.5.1044"},{"key":"bibr11-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"Keeping together in time: Dance and drill in human history","author":"McNeill W.H.","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr12-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133755"},{"key":"bibr13-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Rave culture and religion","author":"Olaveson T.","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr14-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"The Andaman Islanders","author":"Radcliffe-Brown A.R.","year":"1922"},{"key":"bibr15-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"Unto others: The evolution and psychology of unselfish behavior","author":"Sober E.","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr16-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.2420010202"},{"key":"bibr17-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Psychology of intergroup relations","author":"Tajfel H.","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr18-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","volume-title":"The ritual process: Structure and anti-structure","author":"Turner V.","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr19-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026257921046"},{"key":"bibr20-j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.12.5.582.10090"}],"container-title":["Psychological Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:35:12Z","timestamp":1777599312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02253.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-7976","1467-9280"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-7976","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-9280","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}