{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:33:52Z","timestamp":1791466432146,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6442,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"US National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SES-0345113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SES-0345113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A new test is proposed comparing two multivariate distributions by using distances between observations. Unlike earlier tests using interpoint distances, the new test statistic has a known exact distribution and is exactly distribution free. The interpoint distances are used to construct an optimal non-bipartite matching, i.e. a matching of the observations into disjoint pairs to minimize the total distance within pairs. The cross-match statistic is the number of pairs containing one observation from the first distribution and one from the second. Distributions that are very different will exhibit few cross-matches. When comparing two discrete distributions with finite support, the test is consistent against all alternatives. The test is applied to a study of brain activation measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging during two linguistic tasks, comparing brains that are impaired by arteriovenous abnormalities with normal controls. A second exact distribution-free test is also discussed: it ranks the pairs and sums the ranks of the cross-matched pairs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2005.00513.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]],"date-time":"2005-08-18T05:55:37Z","timestamp":1124344537000},"page":"515-530","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["An Exact Distribution-Free Test Comparing Two Multivariate Distributions based on Adjacency"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Rosenbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040800094776300_","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Multivariate Analysis","author":"Anderson","year":"1966"},{"key":"2023040800094776300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.2307\/2316830","article-title":"Refinements of the Cauchy inequality","volume":"76","author":"Daykin","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am. 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