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We first review published estimators based on the estimator that was suggested by Schweder and Spj\u00f8tvoll. Then we derive new estimators based on nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation of the p-value density, restricting to decreasing and convex decreasing densities. The estimators of \u03c00 are all derived under the assumption of independent test statistics. Their performance under dependence is investigated in a simulation study. We find that the estimators are relatively robust with respect to the assumption of independence and work well also for test statistics with moderate dependence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2005.00515.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]],"date-time":"2005-08-18T09:55:37Z","timestamp":1124358937000},"page":"555-572","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["Estimating the Proportion of True Null Hypotheses, with application to DNA Microarray Data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Mette","family":"Langaas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo Henry","family":"Lindqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egil","family":"Ferkingstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oslo and Centre for Integrative Genetics , Aas , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040707070819800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9473(01)00046-9","article-title":"A mixture model approach for the analysis of microarray gene expression data","volume":"39","author":"Allison","year":"2002","journal-title":"Computnl Statist. 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