{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:18:24Z","timestamp":1760188704506},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,23]],"date-time":"2006-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined whether insulin\u2010resistant lipodystrophic HIV\u2010infected patients with known high fasting prehepatic insulin secretion rates (FISRs) displayed alterations in first\u2010phase prehepatic insulin response to intravenous glucose (ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen normoglycaemic lipodystrophic HIV\u2010infected (LIPO) patients and 25 normoglycaemic nonlipodystrophic HIV\u2010infected patients (controls) were included in the study. The prehepatic insulin secretion rate was estimated by deconvolution of C\u2010peptide concentrations, and insulin sensitivity (SI<jats:sub>Rd<\/jats:sub>) was estimated by the glucose clamp technique. The disposition index (Di=ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub>\u00d7 SI<jats:sub>Rd<\/jats:sub>) was calculated to estimate the \u03b2\u2010cell response relative to insulin sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>FISR was increased by 69% (<jats:italic>P&lt;<\/jats:italic>0.001), whereas median Di was decreased by 75% (<jats:italic>P&lt;<\/jats:italic>0.01), primarily as a result of a reduction of SI<jats:sub>Rd<\/jats:sub> by 60% (<jats:italic>P&lt;<\/jats:italic>0.001) in LIPO patients compared with controls. Three LIPO groups were identified arbitrarily according to their FISR and ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub> values relative to those of controls. Four LIPO patients displayed high FISR [+3 standard deviations (SD), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001], high ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub> (+3SD, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) and low SI<jats:sub>Rd<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P&lt;<\/jats:italic>0.01), suggesting an intact B\u2010cell capacity to compensate insulin resistance; six LIPO patients exhibited high FISR (+3SD, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), low ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub> (\u22121SD, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.01), and low SI<jats:sub>Rd<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>P&lt;<\/jats:italic>0.01), suggesting depletion of readily releasable insulin stores; the remaining eight LIPO patients and controls displayed identical FISR and ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub>. Increased concentrations of the nonglucose insulin secretagogues triglyceride (+124%), alanine (+35%) and glucagon (+88%), and also lactate (+96%) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 (+62%) were observed in the 10 LIPO patients with aberrations in FISR and ISREG<jats:sub>0\u201310min<\/jats:sub> compared with the remaining HIV\u2010infected patients (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma triglyceride, alanine, glucagon, lactate and TNF\u2010\u03b1 may be associated with alterations in the first\u2010phase prehepatic insulin secretion response to intravenous glucose in normoglycaemic lipodystrophic HIV\u2010infected patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2006.00364.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,23]],"date-time":"2006-02-23T09:17:05Z","timestamp":1140686225000},"page":"163-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Glucose\u2010stimulated prehepatic insulin secretion is associated with circulating alanine, triglyceride, glucagon, lactate and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in patients with HIV\u2010lipodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"SB","family":"Haugaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SB","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Dela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CF","family":"Deacon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JJ","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Iversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Madsbad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020794"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"726","article-title":"An objective case definition of lipodystrophy in HIV\u2010infected adults","volume":"361","author":"Carr A","year":"2003","journal-title":"a case-control study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"303","article-title":"HIV\u2010associated lipodystrophy","volume":"55","author":"Koutkia P","year":"2004","journal-title":"pathogenesis, prognosis, treatment, and controversies"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"2093","article-title":"Diagnosis, prediction, and natural course of HIV\u20101 protease\u2010inhibitor\u2010associated lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus","volume":"353","author":"Carr A","year":"1999","journal-title":"a cohort study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200110190-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200012010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.32.s3.5.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and beta\u2010cell function in human subjects","volume":"42","author":"Kahn SE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Evidence for a hyperbolic function. 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