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Signalling related to several circulating molecules, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, growth hormone, insulin\u2010like growth factor (IGF)\u20101 and testosterone, has been associated with the aetiology of muscle wasting. Additionally, nutritional status related to malnutrition and specific dietary deficiencies may be involved. In an attempt to counter muscle wasting in HIV\u2010infected persons, treatments have been suggested that target these mechanisms. Nutritional supplementation, cytokine reduction, hormone therapy and resistance exercise training are potential treatments for this condition. Resistance exercise training, which is more easily accessible to this population than other treatments, holds promise in counteracting the process of HIV wasting, as it has been successfully used to increase lean tissue mass in healthy and clinical populations. This review will explore the HIV\/AIDS muscle\u2010wasting syndrome, its aetiology, and the treatments used to counteract wasting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2006.00380.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,24]],"date-time":"2006-05-24T08:22:49Z","timestamp":1148458969000},"page":"299-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Counteracting muscle wasting in HIV\u2010infected 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