{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T11:37:16Z","timestamp":1781523436193,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]],"date-time":"2008-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isosporiasis, a rare cause of diarrhoea among HIV\u2010infected patients in the pre\u2010highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, seems to be re\u2010emerging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was carried out for the period 1995\u20132003 in two hospitals in Paris to describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome of isosporiasis in HIV\u2010infected patients, and to compare the findings with those for cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of isosporiasis increased from 0.4 per 1000 patients in the pre\u2010HAART era (1995\u20131996) to 4.4 per 1000 patients in the HAART era (2001\u20132003), whereas the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis decreased. Compared with patients with either cryptosporidiosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=91) or microsporidiosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=58), patients with isosporiasis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=28) more frequently originated from sub\u2010Saharan Africa (72%), were more frequently female and heterosexual, and had a higher median CD4 count at diagnosis (142\u2003cells\/\u03bcL). All patients with isosporiasis presented with diarrhoea, which was severe enough to lead to hospital admission for 60% of them. Fever was uncommon (7%). All patients were treated for isosporiasis, 27 of them with cotrimoxazole. Relapse of isosporiasis occurred in six of 16 patients (38%) despite maintenance cotrimoxazole therapy and HAART.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isosporiasis in France occurs mostly in patients emigrating from sub\u2010Saharan Africa and can induce severe diarrhoea. Relapse is common despite cotrimoxazole maintenance therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2007.00530.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T21:37:26Z","timestamp":1201901846000},"page":"126-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Isosporiasis in patients with HIV infection in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era in France"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Lagrange\u2010X\u00e9lot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Porcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Sarfati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"De Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Carel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u2010D","family":"Magnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Delcey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u2010M","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"1024","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal protozoans in French patients infected with HIV","volume":"6","author":"Cotte L","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199604000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607103150203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Isosporiasis in Venezuelan adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"69","author":"Certad G","year":"2003","journal-title":"clinical characterization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"121","article-title":"Prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp and Isospora belli in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Dakar (Senegal)","volume":"39","author":"Dieng T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dakar Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90043-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"HIV\u2010related enteropathy in Zambia","volume":"42","author":"Conlon CP","year":"1990","journal-title":"a clinical, microbiological, and histological study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Role of coccidian parasites in causation of diarrhoea in HIV infected patients in Chennai","volume":"116","author":"Kumar SS","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"302","article-title":"The Human Isospora","volume":"78","author":"Henderson HE","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.20.3.384-386.1984","article-title":"Demonstration of Isospora belli by acid\u2010fast stain in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Ng E","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30602-4","article-title":"Protozoal infections in patients with AIDS. 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