{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T22:25:00Z","timestamp":1794695100429,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,10]],"date-time":"2008-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate delayed HIV diagnosis and late initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two sub\u2010populations were included: 1915 patients with HIV diagnosis from 1998 to 2007 and within 3 months of cohort registration (group A), and 1730 treatment\u2010na\u00efve patients with CD4\u2265200\u2003cells\/\u03bcL before their second cohort visit (group B). In group A, predictors for low initial CD4 cell counts were examined with a median regression. In group B, we studied predictors for CD4&lt;200\u2003cells\/\u03bcL without ART despite cohort follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median initial CD4 cell count in group A was 331\u2003cells\/\u03bcL; 31% and 10% were &lt;200 and &lt;50\u2003cells\/\u03bcL, respectively. Risk factors for low CD4 count were age and non\u2010White race. Homosexual transmission, intravenous drug use and living alone were protective. In group B, 30% initiated ART with CD4\u2265200\u2003cells\/\u03bcL; 18% and 2% dropped to CD4 &lt;200 and &lt;50\u2003cells\/\u03bcL without ART, respectively. Sub\u2010Saharan origin was associated with lower probability of CD4 &lt;200\u2003cells\/\u03bcL without ART during follow\u2010up. Median CD4 count at ART initiation was 207 and 253\u2003cells\/\u03bcL in groups A and B, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CD4&lt;200\u2003cells\/\u03bcL and, particularly, CD4&lt;50\u2003cells\/\u03bcL before starting ART are predominantly caused by late presentation. Earlier HIV diagnosis is paramount.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2008.00566.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T03:39:53Z","timestamp":1207885193000},"page":"397-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Delayed diagnosis of HIV infection and late initiation of antiretroviral therapy in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Wolbers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HC","family":"Bucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Rickenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Cavassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Bernasconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Hirschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Battegay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Swiss HIV Cohort Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","unstructured":"DHHS Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents \u2013 a Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council (OARAC). 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