{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:30:35Z","timestamp":1789169435712,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis C or B virus (HCV or HBV) coinfection among HIV\u2010infected pregnant women, and to investigate their immunological and virological characteristics and antiretroviral therapy use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity and HCV antibody (anti\u2010HCV) was collected retrospectively from the antenatal records of HIV\u2010infected women enrolled in the European Collaborative Study and linked to prospectively collected data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1050 women, 4.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.6\u20136.3] were HBsAg positive and 12.3% (95% CI 10.4\u201314.4) had anti\u2010HCV antibody. Women with an injecting drug use(r) (IDU) history had the highest HCV\u2010seropositivity prevalence (28%; 95% CI 22.8\u201335.7). Risk factors for HCV seropositivity included IDU history [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.92; 95% CI 1.86\u20134.58], age (for \u226535 years <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. &lt;25 years, AOR 3.45; 95% CI 1.66\u20137.20) and HBsAg carriage (AOR 5.80; 95% CI 2.78\u201312.1). HBsAg positivity was associated with African origin (AOR 2.74; 95% CI 1.20\u20136.26) and HCV seropositivity (AOR 6.44; 95% CI 3.08\u201313.5). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use was less likely in HIV\/HCV\u2010seropositive than in HIV\u2010monoinfected women (AOR 0.34; 95% CI 0.20\u20130.58). HCV seropositivity was associated with a higher adjusted HIV RNA level (+0.28log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> HIV\u20101 RNA copies\/mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. HIV\u2010monoinfected women; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.03). HIV\/HCV\u2010seropositive women were twice as likely to have detectable HIV in the third trimester\/delivery as HIV\u2010monoinfected women (AOR 1.95; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.049).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although HCV serostatus impacted on HAART use, the association between HCV seropositivity and uncontrolled HIV viraemia in late pregnancy was independent of HAART.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2008.00599.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,12]],"date-time":"2008-06-12T03:10:15Z","timestamp":1213240215000},"page":"526-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Hepatitis B or hepatitis C coinfection in HIV\u2010infected pregnant women in Europe"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Landes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u2010L","family":"Newell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Barlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Fiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Malyuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Posokhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Savasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Semenenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Stelmah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Tibaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Thorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"598","article-title":"HIV\/HCV 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