{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T05:04:10Z","timestamp":1700629450066},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]],"date-time":"2012-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in patients presenting in primary care with glandular fever (GF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010like illness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Samples from primary care submitted for a GF<\/jats:styled-content> screen between A<\/jats:styled-content>pril 2009 and J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2010 were identified. Samples without an HIV<\/jats:styled-content> request were anonymized and retrospectively tested using a 4th\u2010generation HIV<\/jats:styled-content> antigen\/antibody screening test. Reactive samples were further confirmed by an HIV<\/jats:styled-content> antibody only test, with or without a p24 antigen assay. Antibody avidity testing based on the Recent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> Infection Testing Algorithm (RITA<\/jats:styled-content>) was used to identify individuals with evidence of recent acquisition (within 4\u20135 months).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of 1046 GF<\/jats:styled-content> screening requests, concomitant HIV<\/jats:styled-content> requests were made in 119 patients. Excluding one known positive patient, 2.5% (three of 118) tested HIV<\/jats:styled-content> positive. Forty\u2010five (4.3%) had a subsequent HIV<\/jats:styled-content> test through another consultation within 1 year; of these, 4.4% (two of 45) tested positive. Of the remaining 882 patients, 694 (78.7%) had samples available for unlinked anonymous HIV<\/jats:styled-content> testing, of which six (0.9%) tested positive. The overall HIV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence was 1.3% (11 of 857), with 72.7% (eight of 11) of cases missed at initial primary care presentation. Four of the nine (44.4%) available positive samples had evidence of recent acquisition, with three (75.0%) missed at initial primary care presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Low levels of HIV<\/jats:styled-content> testing in patients presenting in primary care with GF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like illness are resulting in a significant number of missed HIV<\/jats:styled-content> and seroconversion diagnoses. Local policy should consider adopting an opt\u2010out strategy to include HIV<\/jats:styled-content> testing routinely within the GF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010screening investigation panel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2012.01023.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]],"date-time":"2012-05-11T04:19:56Z","timestamp":1336709996000},"page":"60-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diagnosing HIV<\/scp> infection in patients presenting with glandular fever\u2010like illness in primary care: are we missing primary HIV<\/scp> infection?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"DTS","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health NHS Lambeth London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ruf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health NHS Lambeth London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"O'Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GSTS Pathology St Thomas' Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Costelloe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases St Thomas' Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Peck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health NHS Lambeth London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CYW","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases St Thomas' Hospital London UK"},{"name":"King's College London School of Medicine Guy's Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"UK National Guidelines for HIV Testing.2008.British HIV Association British Association of Sexual Health and HIV British Infection Society 2008. Available atwww.bashh.org\/documents\/1838(accessed 2 November 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f1d4b6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32801138f7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.026963"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.041293"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcq236"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.17.2097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2010.109801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"Health Protection Agency.HIV in the United Kingdom.2011Report. Health Protection Agency 2011. Available atwww.hpa.org.uk\/webc\/HPAwebFile\/HPAweb_C\/1317131685847(accessed 2 January 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Health Protection Agency.Diagnosed HIV prevalence in Local Authorities (LAs) in England.2010. Health Protection Agency 2010. Available atwww.hpa.org.uk\/webc\/HPAwebFile\/HPAweb_C\/1228207184991(accessed 2 January 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d3705"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"7","volume":"11","author":"Perry N","year":"2010","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283454cd7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults Adolescents and Pregnant Women in Health\u2010Care Settings.Centers for disease control and prevention.2006. 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