{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:34:30Z","timestamp":1778740470685,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,17]],"date-time":"2012-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HIV Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to determine the aetiology and clinical predictors of peripheral lymphadenopathy in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected individuals during the antiretroviral (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content>) era in a nontuberculosis endemic setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multicentred, retrospective cohort study of peripheral lymph node biopsies in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive adults was carried out. A total of 107 charts were identified and reviewed for clinical features, lymphadenopathy size, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content> use and duration. Biopsy results were categorized, and multivariate logistic regression determined independent predictors of lymphadenopathy aetiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluation of 107 peripheral lymph node biopsies revealed that 42.9% of peripheral lymphadenopathy was attributable to malignancy, 49.5% to reactive changes, and 7.5% to infections, with only 2.8% of all cases secondary to tuberculosis. Fevers, weight loss, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARV<\/jats:styled-content> use, and lower viral loads are significantly associated with nonreactive lymphadenopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lymphadenopathy is likely to be reactive or malignant in nontuberculosis endemic regions. Readily available clinical features can aid clinicians in predicting the underlying aetiology, those at risk for malignancy, and who to biopsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2012.01035.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T07:04:52Z","timestamp":1342681492000},"page":"182-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Clinical predictors for the aetiology of peripheral lymphadenopathy in <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010infected adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"II","family":"Bogoch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JR","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"EH","family":"Nagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Lemuel Shattuck Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AM","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Tufts Medical Center  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RT","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Tufts Medical Center  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Lemuel Shattuck Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-1-42","article-title":"Fine\u2010needle aspiration biopsy of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): experience in an outpatient clinic","volume":"108","author":"Bottles K","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.1998.00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(91)90115-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2010.498016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.10340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000327869"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000326713"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/td.2010.100145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Massachusetts Department of Public Health.Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Statistics. 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