{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:48:46Z","timestamp":1789674526562,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,26]],"date-time":"2006-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1148601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is caused by the replication of JC virus in oligodendrocytes of immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis usually relies on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)\u2010based demonstration of JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. As previous reports have suggested that some patients may benefit from antiviral therapy, non\u2010invasive early diagnosis is highly desirable. Repetitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations (two to nine) were obtained in seven patients (aged 40\u201367\u2003years, six males, one female) with classical clinical and imaging findings of PML. Five patients had underlying hematological disorders and two acquired immune deficiency syndrome. PCR of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen was positive for JC virus DNA in six patients. MRI sequences included T2\u2010, T1\u2010 and diffusion\u2010weighted (DW) images in all patients and diffusion\u2010tensor imaging (DTI) in four cases. DTI was once performed at 3T, in the remaining patients at 1.5T. All patients received antiviral treatment with cidofovir in addition to the treatment of the underlying disorder. MRI showed areas of T2 hyperintensity with involvement of the subcortical U\u2010fibers and restricted diffusion in all patients. Areas of diffusion abnormality correlated with disease progress. Contrast enhancement was encountered once after successful treatment and heralded clinical remission with virus elimination from the CSF. Hence, MRI including DW and contrast\u2010enhanced images may be used to evaluate disease activity. Contrast enhancement may indicate an inflammatory response and thus herald immunologic virus elimination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01362.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,26]],"date-time":"2006-05-26T10:35:40Z","timestamp":1148639740000},"page":"819-826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: value of diffusion\u2010weighted and contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis and treatment control"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"K\u00fcker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Mader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"N\u00e4gele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Uhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Adolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Klose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Herrlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040837"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537256"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200209060-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-003-0966-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1037-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007845"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-003-1145-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.5.1082"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.159.2.1632361"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-003-0983-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150170099"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.12.1825"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-003-1115-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"869","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: comparison of trace apparent diffusion coefficients with MR enhancement pattern of lesions","volume":"21","author":"Roychowdhury S","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.8.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280390195315","article-title":"Inflammatory reaction in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: harmful or beneficial?","volume":"9","author":"Du Pasquier RA","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neurovirology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199611000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050590"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280590900742"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1468-1331.2006.01362.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01362.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T09:36:33Z","timestamp":1696930593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01362.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01362.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01362.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-07-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}