{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:10:28Z","timestamp":1789783828734,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,15]],"date-time":"2006-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1147651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between levetiracetam dose and both efficacy and safety in adult patients with refractory partial epilepsy. Dose\u2013response relationships for levetiracetam efficacy were evaluated using pooled data from three trials including adults with refractory partial epilepsy. Two were randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled, parallel\u2010group trials in which doses of 1000\u20133000\u2003mg\/day of levetiracetam were administered as adjunctive therapy. The third consisted of the two parts of a crossover randomized, double\u2010blind study in which levetiracetam (1000 or 2000\u2003mg\/day) or placebo was added to ongoing therapy. Data from each part of the crossover trial were included as if it was an independent parallel\u2010group study. A fourth randomized double\u2010blind trial was added for the safety evaluation. It included data from adults receiving placebo or 2000\u2003mg\/day of levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial seizures. The combined analysis showed an increasing effect with increasing dose. The responder rates (\u226550% reduction in seizures) for placebo and levetiracetam 1000, 2000, and 3000\u2003mg\/day were 13.1%, 28.5%, 34.3%, and 41.3%, respectively. The respective values for seizure freedom were 0.8%, 4.7%, 6.3%, and 8.6%. There was no evidence of a dose\u2013response relationship with regard to adverse events, including those (asthenia, dizziness, somnolence) most commonly associated with this antiepileptic drug. Patients who do not become seizure\u2010free at the lowest recommended levetiracetam dose (1000\u2003mg\/day) should be titrated to 2000 or 3000\u2003mg\/day to provide the greatest opportunity for efficacy with little or no increased risk for adverse events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01381.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,15]],"date-time":"2006-05-15T13:36:21Z","timestamp":1147700181000},"page":"942-946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Assessment of a dose\u2013response relationship of levetiracetam"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"H.\u2010J.","family":"Meencke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Buyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200115080-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(03)00080-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"3221","volume-title":"Physicians Desk Reference","author":"Levetiracetam (Keppra\u00ae)","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb04605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.2.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00323-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2000.0380"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00287-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"426","article-title":"A new antiepileptic drug","volume":"72","author":"Shorvon SD","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2001.00008.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00296-0"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1468-1331.2006.01381.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01381.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T13:28:14Z","timestamp":1696944494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01381.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,23]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01381.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01381.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-08-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}