{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:12:25Z","timestamp":1790190745871,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]],"date-time":"2011-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background and purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder that may involve natural killer (NK) cells. Although NK cells are part of the innate immune system, they also influence adaptive immune responses. Double\u2010filtration plasmapheresis (DFP) is an effective therapy for MG crisis. Thus, we examined the effects of DFP on the cytotoxicity of NK cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 20 patients with MG and 16 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Ficoll\u2010Paque\u2010isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and K562 cells were used as the effector and target cells, respectively. NK cell cytotoxicity was analyzed using flow cytometry immediately before and after DFP and upon course completion.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Double\u2010filtration plasmapheresis treatment decreased significantly the NK cell cytotoxicity in patients with MG, especially in good responders, those who were positive for acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies, and those receiving immunosuppressants.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The decrease in NK cell cytotoxicity after DFP and the decline of AChR antibody titer were observed in good responders indicating that this could benefit patients with MG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03424.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]],"date-time":"2011-05-07T09:01:02Z","timestamp":1304758862000},"page":"1350-1357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Inhibition of peripheral blood natural killer cell cytotoxicity in patients with myasthenia gravis treated with plasmapheresis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"P. J.","family":"Chien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. C.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. M.","family":"Hsueh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. T.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. C.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.7.590"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903518107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560902950619"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2006.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1999.tb00401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636290"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/79792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820138509047611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"951","article-title":"Interferon system and natural killer cell activity in myasthenia gravis","volume":"76","author":"Kott E","year":"1990","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.6.1589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(93)90327-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0320(20001201)41:4<289::AID-CYTO7>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.10.1316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916930290005864"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.02887.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lab.2006.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03966.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23767.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939209035161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.10.3146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2009.00035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","first-page":"186","article-title":"Altered populations of natural killer cell and natural killer T cell subclasses in myasthenia gravis","volume":"167","author":"Suzuki Y","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neuro immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","first-page":"117","article-title":"Persistence of CD16+\/CD56\u2010\/2B4+ natural killer cells: a highly dysfunctional NK subset expanded in ocular myasthenia gravis","volume":"179","author":"Nguyen S","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neuro immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/L0DG8YU2WE5DV58H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(98)00065-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24556"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2010.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-3832fje"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(94)90125-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxn021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.5.394"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160807"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.3.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2005.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916931003782122"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1468-1331.2011.03424.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03424.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T23:49:06Z","timestamp":1697327346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03424.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03424.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03424.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-05-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}