{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T19:08:44Z","timestamp":1780945724747,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,29]],"date-time":"2007-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Onychomycosis is the most frequent nail disease, which could impair the patient's quality of life.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of toenail onychomycosis on quality of life among Polish population.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Patients and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Three thousand nine\u2010hundred and four (3904: 2269 females and 1635 males) individuals fulfilled an international onychomycosis\u2010specific quality\u2010of\u2010life questionnaire consisting of statements regarding social, emotional and symptoms problems. All patients had toenail onychomycosis confirmed by the positive direct microscopic examination and\/or by the positive mycologic culture. Seven hundred and sixty\u2010seven patients simultaneously had fingernail onychomycosis. All patients were divided into subgroups according to sex, age, education level, place of living, type of onychomycosis, number of involved toenails, fingernails involvement, duration of illness and previously used antimycotic therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Most of the patients demonstrated significantly reduced quality of life. The degree of life impairment varied between analysed subgroups. Patients with more advanced toenail onychomycosis and with fingernail involvement were more seriously affected. Both social and emotional impairments were more pronounced in female than in male patients, although there were no differences according to symptoms. Moreover, patients with better educational level and people living in towns or cities were more emotionally and socially affected by onychomycosis, although people living in the country or with poorer education level presented with significantly more severe symptoms.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Toenail onychomycosis is still a serious medical problem, which can significantly reduce the patient's quality of life.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02004.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,29]],"date-time":"2007-01-29T04:11:08Z","timestamp":1170043868000},"page":"491-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Evaluation of quality of life in patients with toenail onychomycosis by Polish version of an international onychomycosis\u2010specific questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"JC","family":"Szepietowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Pacan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Garlowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Polish Onychomycosis Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","volume-title":"Diseases of the Nails and Their 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