{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:12:58Z","timestamp":1791036778230,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]],"date-time":"2009-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold> Numerous factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rosacea, which remains obscure.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002<\/jats:bold> To examine the epidemiological characteristics of rosacea patients, the histopathological alterations, the prevalence of gastric <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and the role of ultraviolet radiation, to detect the presence of Demodex folliculorum on affected skin and to elucidate the immunological nature of this disorder.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> The study included 100 patients with rosacea. Each patient was assessed with a clinical, haematological, biochemical and histological examination; serology test for the detection of antibodies against <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>; direct immunofluorescence on perilesional, sun exposed skin and indirect immunofluorescence with monkey oesophagus as a substrate; antinuclear antibody titre and a skin surface biopsy to search for Demodex folliculorum.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Women were more frequently affected. Half of our patients were 51\u201370\u2003years old. About two\u2010thirds were phototypes I and II and 73% complained of worsening of conditions after sun exposure. An almost permanent histopathological feature was solar elastosis. Higher prevalence of <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> was not established. Prevalence and mean density of Demodex folliculorum were significantly increased in rosacea patients. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests were positive in 6.4% and 6.7% respectively. Antinuclear antibody titres were found in 21.1%.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our results suggest the pivotal role of chronic sun exposure in the pathogenesis of rosacea. Demodex folliculorum represents a significant cofactor that may contribute to the transition of the disease from a vascular to an inflammatory stage. The low positive results of direct and indirect immunofluorescence do not support a potential autoimmune role in the development of rosacea.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03424.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,9]],"date-time":"2009-09-09T03:12:59Z","timestamp":1252465979000},"page":"410-414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Clinical and laboratory study of rosacea in northern Greece"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"E","family":"Lazaridou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Apalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Sotiraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NG","family":"Ziakas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Fotiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Ioannides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000082564"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp042829"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890370095014","article-title":"Ocular rosacea. Current concepts and therapy","volume":"133","author":"Kligman A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546630701485233"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2006.00695.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Rosacea and the pilosebaceous follicle","volume":"7","author":"Powell FC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2000.00144.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"97","article-title":"Update on rosacea pathogenesis and correlation with medical therapeutic agents","volume":"78","author":"Del Rosso JQ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120625"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"137","article-title":"Aetiology and pathogenesis of rosacea","volume":"30","author":"S\u00f8bye P","year":"1950","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"419","article-title":"An epidemiological study of rosacea","volume":"69","author":"Berg M","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-59715-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12288.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Acne and Related Disorders","author":"Logan RA","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12524458"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","first-page":"801","article-title":"Rosacea: histopathologic study of 75 cases","volume":"115","author":"Ramelet AA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90220-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01817.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2002.00497.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200401094"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2002.01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01144.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02137.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.05.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(93)70065-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2004.tb00567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2001.00331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2005.01221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000253889"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15694.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"SLE\u2010like deposition of immunoglobulins in the skin of rosacea. A clinical and immunofluorescent study","volume":"2","author":"Salo OP","year":"1970","journal-title":"Ann Clin Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06477.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00339.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1980.tb01669.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1468-3083.2009.03424.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03424.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T17:18:16Z","timestamp":1698945496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03424.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03424.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03424.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0926-9959","1468-3083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9959","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,5]]}}}