{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:44:52Z","timestamp":1777520692840,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]],"date-time":"2012-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The classic treatment for pemphigus vulgaris is prednisolone. Immunosuppressive drugs can be used in association.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    To compare the efficacy of Azathioprine in reducing the Disease Activity Index (DAI).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Patients and methods\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    A double blind randomized controlled study was conducted on 56 new patients, assigned to two therapeutic groups: (i) prednisolone plus placebo; (ii) prednisolone plus Azathioprine. Patients were checked regularly for 1\u2003year. \u2018Complete remission\u2019 was defined as healing of all lesions after 12\u2003months, and prednisolone &lt;7.5\u2003mg daily, (DAI\u2003\u2264\u20031). Analysis was done by \u2018Intention To Treat\u2019 (ITT) and \u2018Treatment Completed Analysis\u2019 (TCA).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Both groups were similar in age, gender, disease duration, and DAI. Primary endpoint: By ITT and TCA, the mean DAI improved in both groups with no significant difference between them. The difference became significant for the last trimester (3\u2003months; ITT:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.033, TCA:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.045). Secondary endpoint: The total steroid dose decreased significantly in both groups, with no significant difference between them, except for the last trimester (ITT:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.011, TCA:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.035). The mean daily steroid dose decreased gradually in both groups becoming statistically significant in favour of azathioprine, in the last trimester, especially at 12th months (ITT:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.002, TCA:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.005). Complete remission was significant at 12\u2003months only for TCA (AZA\/Control: 53.6%\/39.9%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.043).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Limitations\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Sample size was rather small to demonstrate all differences. Other limitations include the choice of primary and secondary endpoints and the unavailability to measure thiopurine methyltransferase activity.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Azathioprine helps to reduce prednisolone dose in long\u2010run.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04717.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]],"date-time":"2012-10-15T03:45:09Z","timestamp":1350272709000},"page":"1285-1292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Randomized double blind trial of prednisolone and azathioprine, vs. prednisolone and placebo, in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Chams\u2010Davatchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mortazavizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Daneshpazhooh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Davatchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Balighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Esmaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Akhyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Hallaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"seirafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mortazavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2011.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.04.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.04744.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2011.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11533290-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.09.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-009-1024-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.144.9.1143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02738-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5359.30749"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1973.01620240070024","article-title":"Azathioprine 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