{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:48:56Z","timestamp":1793908136505,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,29]],"date-time":"2014-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1247,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,23]],"date-time":"2011-04-23T04:27:17Z","timestamp":1303532837000},"page":"959-963","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Treatment of typhoid fever in the 21st century: promises and shortcomings"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Butler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.039818","article-title":"A study of typhoid fever in five Asian countries: disease burden and implications for controls","volume":"86","author":"Ochiai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.20.2668","article-title":"Laboratory\u2010based surveillance ofSalmonella serotype Typhi infections in the United States. Antimicrobial resistance on the rise","volume":"283","author":"Ackers","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2188","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002188","article-title":"A multi\u2010center randomized controlled trial of gatifloxacin versus azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children and adults in Vietnam","volume":"3","author":"Dolecek","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.7.1855-1859.2000","article-title":"A randomized controlled comparison of azithromycin and ofloxacin for treatment of multidrug\u2010resistant or nalidixic acid\u2010resistant enteric fever","volume":"44","author":"Chinh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00447-06","article-title":"Randomized controlled comparison of ofloxacin, azithromycin, and an ofloxacin\u2013azithromycin combination for treatment of multidrug\u2010resistant and nalidixic acid\u2010resistant typhoid fever","volume":"51","author":"Parry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e542","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000542","article-title":"An open randomized comparison of gatifloxacin versus cefixime for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever","volume":"2","author":"Pandit","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1086\/317450","article-title":"Azithromycin versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children","volume":"31","author":"Frenck","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1086\/382359","article-title":"Short\u2010course azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children and adolescents","volume":"38","author":"Frenck","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.6.1441","article-title":"Azithromycin versus ciprofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in a randomized trial in Egypt that included patients with multidrug resistance","volume":"43","author":"Girgis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.4.1045","article-title":"Efficacy of azithromycin for typhoid fever","volume":"21","author":"Tribble","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib11","series-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett\u2019s principles and practice of infectious diseases","first-page":"2636","article-title":"Salmonella species, includingSalmonella Typhi","author":"Pegues","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.2.243","article-title":"Treatment of typhoid fever with azithromycin versus chloramphenicol in a randomized muticentre trial in India","volume":"44","author":"Butler","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib13","first-page":"149","article-title":"Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of childhood typhoid fever","volume":"16","author":"Islam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med J"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/35.1.85","article-title":"Factors affecting the intracellular accumulation of azithromycin","volume":"35","author":"Pascual","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/47.4.455","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro effects of azithromycin onSalmonella typhi: early inhibition by concentrations less than the MIC and reduction of MIC by alkaline pH and small inocula","volume":"47","author":"Butler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1865","article-title":"A comparison of fluoroquinolones versus other antibiotics for treating enteric fever: meta\u2010analysis","volume":"338","author":"Thaver","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.8.1716","article-title":"Comparison of ofloxacin and ceftriaxone for short\u2010course treatment of enteric fever","volume":"38","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199903000-00007","article-title":"A comparative study of ofloxacin and cefixime for treatment of typhoid fever in children","volume":"18","author":"Phuong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2004.08.007","article-title":"A randomized comparison of oral chloramphenicol versus ofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in Laos","volume":"99","author":"Phongmany","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01992163","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin versus ceftriaxone in the treatment of multiresistant typhoid fever","volume":"12","author":"Wallace","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.5.1727-1731.2003","article-title":"Persistence of Salmonellae in blood and bone marrow: randomized trial comparing ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol treatments against enteric fever","volume":"47","author":"Gasem","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01509-07","article-title":"Clinical response and outcome of infection withSalmonella enterica serotype Typhi with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones: a United States Foodnet multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"52","author":"Crump","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01001-6","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin\u2010resistantSalmonella typhi and treatment failure","volume":"353","author":"Threlfall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4315","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00294-07","article-title":"Antimicrobial drug resistance ofSalmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Asia and molecular mechanism of reduced susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones","volume":"51","author":"Chau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.4.742","article-title":"Randomized treatment of patients with typhoid fever with ceftriaxone or chloramphenicol","volume":"158","author":"Islam","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.8.1572","article-title":"Treatment of typhoid fever with ceftriaxone for 5\u00a0days or chloramphenicol for 14\u00a0days: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"Islam","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.162","article-title":"Treatment of typhoid fever; randomized trial of a three\u2010day course of ceftriaxone versus a fourteen\u2010day course of chloramphenicol","volume":"52","author":"Acharya","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.2.450-452.2000","article-title":"Failure of short\u2010course ceftriaxone chemotherapy for multidrug\u2010resistant typhoid fever in children: a randomized controlled trial in Pakistan","volume":"44","author":"Bhutta","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00388-6","article-title":"Treatment of typhoid fever in children with a flexible duration of ceftriaxone, compared with a 14\u2010day treatment with chloramphenicol","volume":"21","author":"Tatli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4655","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00648-10","article-title":"First report ofSalmonella enterica Paratyphi\u00a0A azithromycin resistance leading to treatment failure","volume":"48","author":"Molloy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020201","article-title":"Typhoid fever","volume":"347","author":"Parry","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X14613732?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X14613732?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T03:14:14Z","timestamp":1560136454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X14613732"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X14613732"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}}}