{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T17:32:32Z","timestamp":1760981552665},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]],"date-time":"2006-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1160697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Human Genetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dyslexia is a complex gene\u2010environment disorder with poorly understood etiology that affects about 5% of school\u2010age children. Dyslexia occurs in all languages and is associated with a high level of social and psychological morbidity for the individual and their family; approximately 40\u201050% have persistent disability into adulthood. The core symptoms are word reading and spelling deficits, but several other cognitive components influence the core phenotype.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A broad spectrum of dyslexia related phenotypes, including phonological decoding, phoneme awareness, orthographic processing, short\u2010term memory, rapid naming and basic mathematical abilities, were investigated in large sample of 287 German dyslexia families. We explored the interrelationship between the component phenotypes using correlation and principal component analyses (PCA). In addition, we estimated familiality for phenotypes as well as for the factors suggested by PCA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The correlation between the component phenotypes varied between \u22120.1 and 0.7. The PCA resulted in three factors: a general dyslexia factor, a speed of processing factor and a mathematical abilities factor. The familiality estimates of single components and factors ranged between 0.25 and 0.63.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Instead of analyzing single dyslexia\u2010related components, multivariate analyses including factor analytic approaches may help in the identification of susceptibility genes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2006.00312.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,14]],"date-time":"2006-10-14T00:55:02Z","timestamp":1160787302000},"page":"160-175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Interrelationship and Familiality of Dyslexia Related Quantitative Measures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Schulte\u2010K\u00f6rne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Deimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Plume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kleensang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Propping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"N\u00f6then","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Warnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Remschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I. R.","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949703000605"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"A multivariate method for detecting genetic linkage, with application to a pedigree with an adverse lipoprotein phenotype","volume":"47","author":"Amos C. I.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01027185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Brickenkamp Handbuch psychologischer und p\u00e4dagogischer Tests","author":"Br\u00e4hler E.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Dyscalculia Screener","author":"Butterworth B.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7939663"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7777847"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1998.2482"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301904"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(74)80009-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"International Classification of Mental Diseases, ICD\u201010","author":"Dilling H.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng792"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/426404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0965(02)00181-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01067536"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Susceptibility loci for distinct components of developmental dyslexia on chromosomes 6 and 15","volume":"60","author":"Grigorenko E. L.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20010108)105:1<120::AID-AJMG1075>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.10032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01066731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940103400502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949703000606"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/461593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340449"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/76.11.1081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195052886.001.0001","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Genetic Epidemiology","author":"Khoury M. J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016069012111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Parametric and nonparametric linkage analysis: a unified multipoint approach","volume":"58","author":"Kruglyak L.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","volume-title":"Salzburger Lese\u2010 und Rechtschreibtest","author":"Landerl K.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2003.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194050380020201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.010603"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010209629021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/368201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-998-0005-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00220973.1990.10806535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.38.10.658"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.96.3.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1057179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.39.2.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.131.4.592"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002700605187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2986270"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.16.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01477.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199801260-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301919"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1024\/\/1422-4917.29.2.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00797"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","volume-title":"Lese\u2010Rechtschreibst\u00f6rung und Sprachwahrnehmung\u2010Psychometrische und neurophysiologische Untersuchungen zur Legasthenie. (Dyslexia and Speech Perception)","author":"Schulte\u2010K\u00f6rne G.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-005-0336-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/000712603321661859"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450080084036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6828864"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1987.tb00207.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","volume-title":"HAWIK\u2010R. Hamburg\u2010Wechsler Intelligenztest f\u00fcr Kinder","author":"Tewes U.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","volume-title":"Kinder\u2010DIPS: diagnostisches Interview bei psychischen St\u00f6rungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen","author":"Unnewehr S.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","volume-title":"Human Genetics: Problems and Approaches","author":"Vogel F.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940003300207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012218301437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","volume-title":"Examiner's Manual: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2013Revised","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-85834-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","volume-title":"Grundintelligenztest Skala 2 (CFT 20)","author":"Wei\u00df R. H.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","volume-title":"Grundintelligenztest Skala 1 (CFT 1)","author":"Wei\u00df R. H.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000085572"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","volume-title":"A Statistical Approach to Genetic Epidemiology: Concepts and Applications","author":"Ziegler A.","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Annals of Human Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1469-1809.2006.00312.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2006.00312.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T13:01:34Z","timestamp":1707310894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2006.00312.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2006.00312.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2006.00312.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4800","1469-1809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4800","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-1809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]]}}}