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Three types of timed relationships between the parent and child's affective behavior are assessed: concurrent, sequential, and organized in an ongoing patterned format, and the development of each is charted across the first year. Viewed as a formative experience for the maturation of the social brain, synchrony impacts the development of self\u2010regulation, symbol use, and empathy across childhood and adolescence. Different patterns of synchrony with mother, father, and the family and across cultures describe relationship\u2010specific modes of coordination. The capacity to engage in temporally\u2010matched interactions is based on physiological mechanisms, in particular oscillator systems, such as the biological clock and cardiac pacemaker, and attachment\u2010related hormones, such as oxytocin. Specific patterns of synchrony are described in a range of child\u2010, parent\u2010 and context\u2010related risk conditions, pointing to its ecological relevance and usefulness for the study of developmental psychopathology. A perspective that underscores the organization of discrete relational behaviors into emergent patterns and considers time a central parameter of emotion and communication systems may be useful to the study of interpersonal intimacy and its potential for personal transformation across the lifespan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01701.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T12:45:22Z","timestamp":1173271522000},"page":"329-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1097,"title":["Parent\u2013infant synchrony and the construction of shared timing; physiological precursors, developmental outcomes, and risk conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Feldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00938.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"149","volume-title":"Handbook of infant development","author":"Bates E.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110828771-014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"The \u2018packaging\u2019 of maternal stimulation in relation to the infant facial\u2010visual engagement","volume":"26","author":"Beebe B.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0736-9735.5.4.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Family group therapy","author":"Bell J.E.","year":"1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.17.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1129836"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","volume-title":"L'Evolution Creatrice","author":"Bergson H.","year":"1907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1130275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.26.2.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10749-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3677-05.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Language development: Form and function in emerging grammars","author":"Bloom L.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.105.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"350","article-title":"The nature of the child's tie to his mother","volume":"39","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1958","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychoanalysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","volume-title":"Attachment and loss. 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