{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:14:36Z","timestamp":1779340476983,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,30]],"date-time":"2004-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1096502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2617,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Latrotoxin (LTX, 1\u20133 n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) caused a gradual increase of the supontaneous catecholamine release rate in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells superfused with normal Krebs\u2013Hepes solution containing 2.5 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> removal abolished this effect. LTX enhanced also the secretory responses to high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (35 or 70 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and to acetylcholine (ACh, 30 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The application of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> pulses to cells previously superfused with a 0 Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> solution (Krebs\u2013Hepes deprived of CaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) induced secretory responses that gradually reached 400\u2013800 nA of catecholamines, provided that LTX was present. The responses to ACh or 35 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> pulses (in the presence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) were also enhanced by LTX, from around 100\u2013200 nA to over 1000 nA. Though such enhancement remained in the presence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel blockers, it disappeared upon the lowering of [Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> or in electroporated cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Using protocols similar to those of secretion, LTX did not enhance basal <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> uptake, whole\u2010cell Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> currents or basal [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]j. In fact, LTX attenuated the K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010 or ACh\u2010evoked increases in <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> uptake and [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>It is proposed that the secretory response to brief periods of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> reintroductions is triggered by local subplasmalemmal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> tranMents, produced by the Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> exchanger of the plasma membrane working in the reverse mode. This situation might be physiologically reproduced during ACh stimulation of chromaffin cells, which is followed by the firing of Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent action potentials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,30]],"date-time":"2004-09-30T08:06:06Z","timestamp":1096531566000},"page":"481-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Drastic facilitation by \u03b1\u2010latrotoxin of bovine chromaffin cell exocytosis without measurable enhancement of Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> entry or [Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>]<sub>i<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"502","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Michelena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda\u2010Teresa","family":"de la Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baldomero","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela G.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Gand\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio G.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(85)80033-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(86)90054-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"E137","article-title":"Ionomycin stimulates secretion of catecholamines from cat adrenal gland and supleen","volume":"242","author":"Cabvalho M. H.","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(83)90126-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(92)90003-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.2.408"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03592.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1961.sp006791"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01868075"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014394"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90070-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80560-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/245249a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00191-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1874"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019847"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1975.sp010795"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83641-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00656997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Alpha\u2010latrotoxin channels in neuroblastoma cells","volume":"138","author":"Hurbult W. P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Membrane Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(90)90011-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1984.64.4.1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/225701a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(94)00696-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00410202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(90)90287-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019127"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00501264"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81418-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00510132"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"1698","article-title":"Properties of ionophores with broad range cation selectivity","volume":"32","author":"Pressman B. C.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Federation Proceedings"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"917","article-title":"Mode of action of \u03b1\u2010latrotoxin: role of divalent cations in Ca2+\u2010independent effects mediated by the toxin","volume":"38","author":"Rosenthal L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Molecular Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","first-page":"743","article-title":"Inactivation of secretory responses to potassium and nicotine in the cat adrenal medulla","volume":"223","author":"Schiavone M. T.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb26613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1990.sp003433"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1621094"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8235626"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T06:23:58Z","timestamp":1697264638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,8]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.481bj.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,8]]}}}