{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:55:18Z","timestamp":1791262518162,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,22]],"date-time":"2004-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2183,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Whole\u2010cell (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>) and single Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel currents were measured in inspiratory neurones of neonatal mice (4\u201312 days old). During whole\u2010cell recordings, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub> slowly declined and disappeared within 10\u201320 min. The run\u2010down was delayed during hypoxia, indicating <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub> potentiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels were recorded in cell\u2010attached patches using pipettes which contained 110 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels exhibited a non\u2010ohmic <jats:italic>I\u2013V<\/jats:italic> relationship. The slope conductance was 24 pS below and 50 pS above their null potential. The open probability of the channels increased during oxygen depletion, reaching a maximum 2 min after the onset of hypoxia. Restoration of the oxygen supply brought the channel activity back to initial levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The channel activity was enhanced by 3\u201330 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc><jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>(\u2013)Bay K 8644, an agonist of L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels. The open probability was increased about 3\u2010fold and the activation curve was shifted by 20 mV in the hyperpolarizing direction. In the presence of the agonist, channel open time increased and long openings appeared. Agonist\u2010modulated channels were also potentiated during oxygen depletion. The effect was due to an increase in open time and a decrease in closed time. The channels were inhibited by bath application of nifedipine (10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and nitrendipine (20 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Weak bases such as NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>Cl and TMA increased and weak acids such as sodium acetate and propionate decreased activity of the channels, indicating that they are modulated by intracellular pH. Bath application of 1 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> forskolin enhanced the channel activity, whereas 500 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> NaF suppressed it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels were modulated by an agonist for mGluR1\/5 receptors, (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>)\u20103,5\u2010dihydrophenylglycine (DHPG, 5 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). In its presence, the hypoxic facilitation of channels was abolished.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>After blockade of L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels, the respiratory response to hypoxia was modified. The transient enhancement of the respiratory rhythm (augmentation) was no longer evident and the secondary depression occurred earlier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We suggest that L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels contribute to the early hypoxic response of the respiratory centre. Glutamate release during hypoxia stimulates postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors, which activate the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.075bf.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,22]],"date-time":"2004-09-22T07:56:18Z","timestamp":1095839778000},"page":"75-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["L\u2010type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> channels in inspiratory neurones of mice and their modulation by hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"512","author":[{"given":"S. L.","family":"Mironov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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