{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:32:00Z","timestamp":1790188320297,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]],"date-time":"2007-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Parental questionnaires are inexpensive alternatives to standardized testing for outcome measurement. The Parent Report of Children's Abilities has previously been revised (PARCA\u2010R) and validated for use with very\u2010preterm infants at 2 years of age. This study revalidated the PARCA\u2010R for assessing cognition in a larger and more inclusive sample of preterm infants. One hundred and sixty\u2010four children (82 males, 82 females) of &lt;32 weeks' gestation (median 29wks, interquartile range [IQR] 28\u201030wks); and median birthweight 1200g (IQR 925\u20101463g) were evaluated using the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development \u2010 2nd edition (BSID\u2010II) at 2 years' corrected age. Parents completed the PARCA\u2010R questionnaire. Significant correlations between PARCA\u2010R Parent Report Composite (PRC) scores and MDI scores (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69\u20100.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) demonstrated concurrent validity. A receiver operating characteristic\u2010determined PRC cut\u2010off of &lt;44 had optimal discriminatory power (area under curve 0.92) for identifying MDI &lt;70, with 85% sensitivity (95% CI 0.58\u20100.96), 87% specificity (95% CI 0.81\u20100.92), 98% negative predictive value (95% CI 0.95\u20101), and 37% positive predictive value (95% CI 0.22\u20100.54). The PARCA\u2010R has good concurrent validity and diagnostic utility for identifying cognitive delay in very\u2010preterm infants at 2 years of age. It is useful for outcome measurement, developmental screening, and facilitating parental involvement at folow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.02010.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]],"date-time":"2009-06-23T07:44:36Z","timestamp":1245743076000},"page":"58-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Developmental assessment of preterm infants at 2 years: validity of parent reports"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Samantha","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Wolke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Marlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Preterm Infant Parenting Study Group.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.6.728"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200512000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2002.019752"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","volume-title":"Standards for Hospitals Providing Neonatal Intensive and High Dependency Care","author":"British Association of Perinatal Medicine.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10043"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1998.tb12324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20068"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.079632"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Parents' concerns regarding infant development: Kent Infant Development (KID) Scale","volume":"39","author":"Prochazkova E","year":"1997","journal-title":"Studia Psychologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1987.tb02489.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2002.tb00106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/22.3.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70134-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2001.00604.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_2","first-page":"731","article-title":"Concurrent validity of the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development\u2010II in preterm infants","volume":"104","author":"Liao H","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0447"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-835X.1998.tb00757.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_2","volume-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant Development.","author":"Bayley N","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162204000635"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_2","volume-title":"The Abilities of Babies.","author":"Griffiths R","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400001053"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280304200507"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430212713"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008103430601"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_2","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Roberton's Textbook of Neonatology.","author":"Marlow N","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_2","volume-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development.","author":"Bayley N","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Developmental Medicine &amp; 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