{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T17:50:50Z","timestamp":1786211450210,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]],"date-time":"2012-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2002<\/jats:bold> To determine the prevalence of symptomatic neurogenic bladder (SNB) and social and functional variables in a large sample of people with cerebral palsy (CP).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method\u2002<\/jats:bold> The medical records of 214 individuals (96 females, 118 males) with CP between the years 1990 and 2000 were retrospectively reviewed. Individuals with frequency, urgency, or incontinence were assigned Gross Motor Function Classification System levels and underwent cystometrogram\/electromyelogram studies. Neurogenic bladders were classified according to the nomenclature of the International Continence Society.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Fifty\u2010two patients had hemiplegia, 42 diplegia, 117 quadriplegia, and three dyskinesia. Educational levels ranged from full special education to those with graduate degrees. Thirty\u2010five individuals in our group aged 5 to 66\u2003years had SNB with a prevalence of 16.4%. The median age for the entire population was 9\u2003years 7\u2003months and for those with SNB 12\u2003years 4\u2003months (range 5\u201357y). Over 80% of individuals who underwent investigation were found to have spastic hyper\u2010reflexic type bladders. Ninety\u2010one percent obtained total continence or major improvement with conservative care. SNB was documented across the lifespan, educational spectrum, and functional level. Upper urinary tract pathology was infrequent.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Interpretation\u2002<\/jats:bold> SNB is a common finding in individuals with CP. In most patients it is readily diagnosed and treated with conservative interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04360.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]],"date-time":"2012-07-13T20:32:01Z","timestamp":1342211521000},"page":"945-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Cerebral palsy, neurogenic bladder, and outcomes of lifetime care"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"KEVIN P","family":"MURPHY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SUSAN A","family":"BOUTIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KATHY R","family":"IDE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(97)86442-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00724.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"301","article-title":"Continence in cerebral palsy","volume":"63","author":"Shaw J","year":"1990","journal-title":"Health Visit"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.1930140110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62704-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.68.6.739"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1983.tb13820.x","article-title":"Symptomatic neurogenic bladder in a cerebral palsied population","volume":"5","author":"McNeal DM","year":"1983","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)43518-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02337462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2005.01120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-812521"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04058.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","volume-title":"GMFCS\u2013E&R Gross Motor Function Classification System expanded and revised","author":"Palisano R","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(05)70309-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1998.00025.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6777(1999)18:2<139::AID-NAU9>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"311","article-title":"Women\u2019s lower urinary tract function and dysfunction: definitions and epidemiology","volume":"56","author":"Al\u2010Hayek S","year":"2004","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20144"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37255-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","first-page":"591","article-title":"[Clinical evaluation for voiding dysfunction in patients with cerebral palsy]","volume":"80","author":"Yokoyama O","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","volume-title":"Campbell\u2010Walsh Urology","author":"Wein AJ","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","first-page":"264","article-title":"Bladder and bowel control in children with cerebral palsy: case\u2010control study","volume":"47","author":"Ozturk M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1995.tb11968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","first-page":"1505","article-title":"Urinary tract dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"12","author":"Edby K","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)32481-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3181a5f004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20714"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","first-page":"571","article-title":"Evaluation of lower urinary system symptoms and neurogenic bladder in children with cerebral palsy: relationships with the severity of cerebral palsy and mental status","volume":"39","author":"Sibel \u00dcD","year":"2009","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Developmental Medicine &amp; 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