{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:08:09Z","timestamp":1790356089345,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":904,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold> To estimate the changes in risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery and perinatal distress that may be introduced through increased birth size, resulting from interventions such as improving nutrition of the mother; and to characterise delivery risk relative to maternal stature by birth size.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold> Model these risks using data from the Guatemalan Perinatal Study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold> The antenatal clinic of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital of the Guatemalan Social Security Institute in Guatemala City serving predominantly working class women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Population<\/jats:bold> Women who had their first prenatal visit between April 1984 and January 1986.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold> Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to estimate incidence of intrapartum caesarean delivery and perinatal distress and used to calculate changes in risk associated with changes in size.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>outcome measures<\/jats:bold> Incidences of intrapartum caesarean delivery and perinatal distress.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold> A woman of 146cm height (\u20101 SD) relative to another of 160cm (+1 SD) has a 2.5 times higher risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery. An increase in newborn head circumference and weight (from \u20101 SD to +1 SD) are each independently associated with an increase in risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery (2.0 times and 1.5 times, respectively). An increase in birthweight from 2,450 g to 2,550 g is associated with a decrease in risk of perinatal distress of 34\/1000 cases and an increase in risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery of 8\/1000 cases.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold> Increases in fetal growth comparable to those attributable to improved nutrition during pregnancy are associated with a larger decrease in risk of perinatal distress relative to the increase in risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery for the mother. Greater maternal stature is associated with lower risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00181.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T17:21:28Z","timestamp":1072113688000},"page":"689-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Maternal height and newborn size relative to risk of intrapartum caesarean delivery and perinatal distress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Merchant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"Kestler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1966774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"157","article-title":"Maternal stature and reproductive efficiency","volume":"51","author":"Thomson A.M.","year":"1959","journal-title":"Eugenics Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The shape and size of the female pelvis","volume":"59","author":"Bernard R.M.","year":"1952","journal-title":"Edin Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6155.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90223-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"357","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in short women","volume":"34","author":"Parsons M.T.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/21.5.941"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(89)90725-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90982-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93022-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Maternal supplementation and birth weight","volume":"341","author":"Vickery C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)90690-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1988.tb06567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90451-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"583","article-title":"Nutritional interventions to prevent intrauterine growth retardation: evidence from randomized controlled trials","volume":"52","author":"Onis M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199702000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"The Cochrane Library, Issue 4","author":"Kramer M.S.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7111.786"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","volume-title":"British Obstetric and Gynaecological Practice","author":"Baird D.","year":"1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90542-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","volume-title":"Nutrition Adaptation in Man","author":"Martorell R.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/52.2.280"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","first-page":"10685","article-title":"Nutritional supplementation during the preschool years influences body size and composition of Guatemalan adolescents","volume":"125","author":"Rivera J.A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"1095","article-title":"Consecuencias a largo plazo del retardo en el crecimiento durante la ni\u00f1ez. 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