{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:32:57Z","timestamp":1789903977574,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":477,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> To evaluate whether serum relaxin (S\u2010relaxin) can predict spontaneous delivery before 34 weeks of gestation in high risk pregnancies.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> A prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Calculated sample size was reached over a two\u2010year period, during which 9507 women gave birth. Of these, 157 healthy women were eligible for the study as they were admitted with symptoms of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. Ninety\u2010three women were included. Overall participation rate was 59%.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Population\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Healthy women with singleton pregnancies with symptoms of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> S\u2010relaxin was measured using a standard sandwich ELISA.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main outcome measures\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> End points were preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation and delivery within three days from initiation of symptoms. The best possible prediction of preterm delivery was established using logistic regression for risk factors individually associated with preterm delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. S\u2010relaxin was dichotomised to obtain best possible fit and then entered into the model. The same analyses were done for delivery within three days.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Median S\u2010relaxin levels varied significantly in the women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) (316 pg\/mL), contractions (222 pg\/mL) or ripe cervices (203 pg\/mL) (<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05<\/jats:styled-content>). S\u2010relaxin above the 80th centile (\u2265300 pg\/mL) was associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery [crude <jats:styled-content>OR = 4.8; (95% CI: 1.9\u201312)<\/jats:styled-content>]. Likelihood ratio of a positive test is 2.6 (1.5\u20134.9) and S\u2010relaxin resulted in a post\u2010test probability of preterm delivery of 0.72, compared with a pre\u2010test probability of 0.49. S\u2010relaxin contributed to the identification of delivery within three days [adj. <jats:styled-content>OR = 11 (95% CI: 1.8\u201364)<\/jats:styled-content>].<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> S\u2010relaxin may be a useful predictor in women with symptoms of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01187.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T15:31:23Z","timestamp":1072107083000},"page":"977-982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["S\u2010relaxin as a predictor of preterm delivery in women with symptoms of preterm labour"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ida","family":"Vogel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Glavind\u2010Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul","family":"Thorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz P.","family":"Armbruster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Uldbjerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349509024444"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.109395"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13725.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"821","article-title":"Elevated first\u2010trimester serum relaxin concentrations in pregnant women following ovarian stimulation predict prematurity risk and preterm delivery","volume":"82","author":"Weiss G","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"861","volume-title":"The Physiology of Reproduction","author":"Sherwood OD","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(94)90054-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.4.800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"The role of relaxin in preterm labor","volume":"3","author":"Goldsmith LT","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prenat Neonatal Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Effect of porcine relaxin and progesterone on rat, pig and human myometrial activity in vitro","volume":"31","author":"MacLennan AH","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"757","article-title":"Effects of human relaxin on isolated rat and human myometrium and uteroplacental arteries","volume":"78","author":"Petersen LK","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"The meaning and use of the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve","volume":"143","author":"Hanley JA","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diagn Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-5456(00)00150-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00128.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11495.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"40","article-title":"Cervical sonography in preterm labor","volume":"84","author":"Iams JD","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)60503-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"630","article-title":"Effects of digital vaginal examinations on latency period in preterm premature rupture of membranes","volume":"80","author":"Lewis DF","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","article-title":"Antibiotics for preterm premature rupture of the membranes","volume":"4","author":"Kenyon S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)90714-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)32236-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"328","article-title":"A randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial of the safety of vaginal recombinant human relaxin for cervical ripening","volume":"82","author":"Bell RJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; 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