{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T07:46:41Z","timestamp":1759564001782},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":569,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus have a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vascular, and in particular, endothelial function may be significantly modified in diabetes resulting in impaired endothelium\u2010dependent relaxation. This study aims to investigate endothelium\u2010dependent relaxation in pregnant women with pre\u2010existing type 1 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Small arteries (mean luminal diameter \u223c295 \u03bcm) were isolated from biopsies of subcutaneous fat from pregnant women with pre\u2010existing type 1 diabetes mellitus, non\u2010diabetic pregnant women, and non\u2010diabetic non\u2010pregnant women. Endothelial and smooth muscle function were determined using wire myography, and the contributions of nitric oxide, vasodilator prostanoid and endothelial hyperpolarisation were studied using specific inhibitors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Arteries obtained from the diabetic pregnant women did not demonstrate any difference in either endothelial or smooth muscle function when compared with non\u2010diabetic pregnant women. The contribution of nitric oxide to endothelium\u2010dependent relaxation was \u223c20% in the pregnant women regardless of whether they were diabetic, and \u223c11% in the non\u2010pregnant women. Endothelial hyperpolarisation appeared to contribute largely to vasorelaxation in human subcutaneous arteries, and was at least twice that of nitric oxide in pregnant women and fivefold greater in non\u2010pregnant women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> This study provides evidence that pregnant women with well\u2010controlled pre\u2010existing type 1 diabetes mellitus have both normal endothelial and smooth muscle function. Endothelium\u2010dependent hyperpolarisation appears to play a large role in vascular relaxation in human subcutaneous resistance arteries. This study suggests that the problems associated with diabetic pregnancies are unlikely to be due to vascular dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01353.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]],"date-time":"2003-12-22T16:09:31Z","timestamp":1072109371000},"page":"699-707","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Endothelial function is preserved in pregnant women with well\u2010controlled type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Ang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Hillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Lumsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.6.2510","article-title":"Impaired endothelium\u2010dependent vasodilatation in patients with insulin\u2010dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"88","author":"Johnstone MT","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0870031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)91184-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4004(91)90339-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1992.tb12792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(94)90153-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"H748","article-title":"Nitric oxide\u2010mediated vasodilation in human pregnancy","volume":"272","author":"Williams DJ","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01395.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.12.1702"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2001.280.6.H2478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0359i.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.3.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199611000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/24388"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.41.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1000311"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.42.1.148","article-title":"Endothelium\u2010dependent vascular relaxation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"42","author":"Smits P","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00401767"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701768"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","first-page":"1P","article-title":"Evidence that NO may contribute to EDHF\u2010like responses in rat mesenteric and hepatic small arteries abstract","volume":"129","author":"Chauhan SD","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1990.259.3.H902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.62.6.1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.28.2.183"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13110.x"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; 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