{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T19:15:45Z","timestamp":1791832545585,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]],"date-time":"2006-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To estimate the prevalence of post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth in a group of postpartum Nigerian women and to examine any associated factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2002<\/jats:bold> A cross\u2010sectional survey.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\u2002<\/jats:bold> Postnatal clinics and infant immunisation clinics of the five health centres in Ilesa Township, Nigeria.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Population\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 876 women at 6 weeks postpartum.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> The postpartum women were assessed for PTSD at 6 weeks. Other data collected were demographic characteristics, details of pregnancy and delivery and neonatal outcome. Additionally, the following measures were used: the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess PTSD, the Index of Marital Satisfaction to measure the degree of problem a spouse encounters in the marital relationship, the Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey to measure social support, the Life Events Scale to measure the life stress covering the preceding 12 months and the Labour Agentry Scale that measures the maternal experiences of control during childbirth.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main outcome measures\u2002<\/jats:bold> Prevalence of PTSD in this population of postpartum Nigerian women, and how this prevalence related to other maternal and neonatal characteristics.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> The prevalence of PTSD was 5.9%. The factors independently associated with PTSD after childbirth include hospital admission due to pregnancy complications (OR 11.86, 95% CI 6.36\u201322.10), instrumental delivery (OR 7.94, 95% CI 3.91\u201316.15), emergency caesarean section (OR 7.31, 95% CI 3.53\u201315.10), manual removal of placenta (OR 4.96, 95% CI 2.43\u201310.14) and poor maternal experience of control during childbirth (OR 5.05, 95% CI 2.69\u20139.48).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> The prevalence of PTSD after childbirth in Nigerian women is slightly higher than those found in western culture. An effective model for the prediction of the development of PTSD after childbirth needs to be developed and evaluated, and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of PTSD after childbirth need further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00861.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]],"date-time":"2006-02-16T11:12:44Z","timestamp":1140088364000},"page":"284-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder after childbirth in Nigerian women: prevalence and risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"AO","family":"Adewuya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YA","family":"Ologun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"OS","family":"Ibigbami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"321","article-title":"Un avatar psychique meconnu de la puerperalite: la nervrose traumatique post\u2010obstetricale","volume":"4","author":"Bydlowski M","year":"1978","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.4.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"195","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder occurring after painful childbirth","volume":"84","author":"Fones C","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646839808404562"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"831","article-title":"Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder after childbirth: the phenomenon of traumatic birth","volume":"156","author":"Reynolds JL","year":"1997","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(97)00041-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646839308403222"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.1998.00246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.2003.00215.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-12025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.2001.00111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466500163095"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536x.2000.00104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/154099904323016473"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Maternal death in the booked and unbooked patients: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital experience","volume":"1","author":"Briggs ND","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trop J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/004947559802800212"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","volume-title":"The Clinical Measurement Package: A Field Manual","author":"Hudson WW","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90150-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170002105X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770100503"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan DV","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","volume-title":"The ICD 10\u2010Classification of Mental and Behavioural disorders","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01674820209093413"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; 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