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In some developing countries, the growth of medical care has outstripped the growth of preventive public health, with an associated increase in iatrogenic preterm births. In developed countries, more than one\u2010third of preterm births are medically indicated because of conditions such as fulminating pre\u2010eclampsia or severe intrauterine growth restriction. Neither of these conditions is currently preventable. One in five preterm births is associated with multiple pregnancy, and these have been greatly increased by assisted reproduction techniques. The use of tocolytics has proved disappointing perhaps because inflammation rather than spontaneous uterine activity is increasingly recognised as the final common pathway. Inappropriate antibiotics used late in pregnancy are ineffective and may have adverse effects. Currently, the most promising interventions are public health related and include reducing the transmission of communicable diseases, improvements in the management of diabetes and reduction in harmful behaviours such as smoking and drug abuse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01116.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]],"date-time":"2006-12-21T02:24:33Z","timestamp":1166667873000},"page":"1-3","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The epidemiology of preterm labour\u2014why have advances not equated to reduced incidence?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"PJ","family":"Steer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2005.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2004.00624.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2001.00358.x"},{"issue":"365","key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"847","article-title":"The challenge of reducing neonatal mortality in middle\u2010income countries: findings from three Brazilian birth cohorts in 1982, 1993, and 2004","volume":"2005","author":"Barros FC","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38751.524132.2F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000134524.58795.bd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.02323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7282.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","first-page":"343","article-title":"Etiologies of preterm birth in an indigent population: is prevention a logical expectation?","volume":"77","author":"Tucker JM","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00788.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04233-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00589.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00827.x"}],"container-title":["BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1471-0528.2006.01116.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01116.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T21:18:44Z","timestamp":1694639924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01116.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01116.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01116.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-0328","1471-0528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-0328","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-0528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-12-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}