{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:16:54Z","timestamp":1790867814849,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,5]],"date-time":"2006-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1165276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To explore pregnancy outcome in HIV\u20101\u2010positive and HIV\u2010negative women, and mother\u2010to\u2010child transmission (MTCT) according to mode of delivery under effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2002<\/jats:bold> Cohort of 143 pregnant HIV\u20101\u2010infected women including a matched case\u2013control study in a 2:1 ratio of controls to cases (<jats:italic>n <\/jats:italic>= 98).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\u2002<\/jats:bold> Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam and Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Population\u2002<\/jats:bold> Consecutive referred HIV\u20101 infected pregnant women treated with HAART and matched control not infected pregnant women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main outcome measures\u2002<\/jats:bold> MTCT, preterm delivery, low birthweight, pre\u2010eclampsia.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> MTCT was 0% (95% CI 0\u20132.1%). Seventy\u2010eight percent of HIV\u20101\u2010infected women commenced and 62% completed vaginal delivery. The calculated number of caesarean sections needed to prevent a single MTCT was 131 or more. Preterm delivery rates were 18% (95% CI 11\u201327) in women infected with HIV\u20101 and 9% (95% CI 5\u201313) in controls (<jats:italic>P <\/jats:italic>= 0.03). HAART used at &lt;13 weeks of gestation was associated with a 44% preterm delivery rate compared with 21% when HAART was started at or after 13 weeks and 14% in controls. (Very) low birthweight and incidence of pre\u2010eclampsia were not different between HIV\u20101 and controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> We have not demonstrated any MTCT after vaginal delivery in women effectively treated by HAART. 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