{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T22:46:20Z","timestamp":1774910780186,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]],"date-time":"2007-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Calcium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Search strategy\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (March 2006).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Selection criteria\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Randomised trials comparing at least 1 g of calcium daily during pregnancy with placebo. Eligibility and trial quality were assessed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Data collection and analysis\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Data were extracted and analysed using Review Manager software.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Main results\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Twelve studies (15 528 women) were included, all of good quality. Most women were at low risk and had low dietary calcium. High blood pressure was reduced with calcium supplementation rather than placebo (11 trials, 14 946 women: relative risk [RR] random effects model 0.70; 95% CI 0.57\u20130.86), as was pre\u2010eclampsia (12 trials, 15 206 women: RR 0.48; 95% CI 0.33\u20130.69). The effect was greatest for women at high risk (five trials, 587 women: RR 0.22; 95% CI 0.12\u20130.42) and for those with low baseline calcium intake (seven trials, 10 154 women: RR 0.36; 95% CI 0.18\u20130.70). There was heterogeneity, with less effect in the larger trials. The composite outcome maternal death or serious morbidity was reduced (four trials, 9732 women: RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65\u20130.97). The syndrome of haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets was increased (two trials, 12 901 women: RR 2.67; 95% CI 1.05\u20136.82). There was no overall effect on the risk of preterm birth or stillbirth or death before discharge from hospital.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Calcium supplementation appears to reduce the risk of pre\u2010eclampsia and to reduce the rare occurrence of the composite outcome \u2018maternal death or serious morbidity\u2019. There were no other clear benefits or harms.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Commentary\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    We present the hypothesis that adequate dietary calcium before and in early pregnancy may be needed to prevent the underlying pathology responsible for pre\u2010eclampsia. We suggest that the research agenda be redirected towards calcium supplementation at a community level.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01389.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]],"date-time":"2007-06-12T09:14:39Z","timestamp":1181639679000},"page":"933-943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Dietary calcium supplementation for prevention of pre\u2010eclampsia and related problems: a systematic review and commentary"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"GJ","family":"Hofmeyr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Duley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","volume-title":"Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom 1988\u20101990","author":"HMSO","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","volume-title":"Report on Maternal Deaths in Australia 1988\u20101990","author":"NHMRC","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb11940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530380055031","article-title":"Effect of calcium supplementation on pregnancy\u2010induced hypertension and preeclampsia: a meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"275","author":"Bucher HC","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92633-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09513.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.16.5.275.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30137-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/33.10.2202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(62)91887-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(52)91797-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(83)90016-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90091-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.1.237S","article-title":"Pregnancy\u2010induced hypertension and low birth weight: the role of calcium","volume":"54","author":"Repke JT","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","first-page":"317","article-title":"Calcium supplementation reduces blood pressure during pregnancy: results of a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"70","author":"Villar J","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","first-page":"570","article-title":"Hypocalciuria during pregnancy as a risk factor of preeclampsia","volume":"72","author":"Segovia BL","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ginecol Obstet Mex"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00382-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:94:2:105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(00)00240-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00111-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.4314\/wajm.v23i2.28102","article-title":"Eclampsia and abnormal QTc","volume":"23","author":"Isezuo SA","year":"2004","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","unstructured":"VillarJ BelizanJM RepkeJ.The effect of calcium supplementation on the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and prematurity. 7th World Congress of Hypertension in Pregnancy;1990; Perugia Italy. 1990;54."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(89)80059-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","volume-title":"Pregnancy and Childbirth Module. 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