{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:20:22Z","timestamp":1787984422862,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]],"date-time":"2012-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJOG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Please cite this paper as:<\/jats:italic> Savvidou M, Syngelaki A, Muhaisen M, Emelyanenko E, Nicolaides K. First trimester maternal serum free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein A in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. BJOG 2012;119:410\u2013416.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2002<\/jats:bold> To investigate whether markers of first trimester screening for aneuploidies, including fetal nuchal translucency (NT), maternal serum free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotropin (\u03b2\u2010hCG) and pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein A (PAPP\u2010A), are altered in women with pre\u2010existing type\u20101 and type\u20102 diabetes mellitus, and in women that subsequently develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2002<\/jats:bold> Retrospective analysis of prospective combined screening for aneuploidies in singleton pregnancies at 11<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup>\u201313<jats:sup>+6<\/jats:sup>\u2003weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\u2002<\/jats:bold> Antenatal clinic.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Population\u2002<\/jats:bold> Singleton pregnancies at 11<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup>\u201313<jats:sup>+6<\/jats:sup>\u2003weeks of gestation resulting in the delivery of phenotypically normal neonates. The study included 194 women with type\u20101 diabetes, 122 women with type\u20102 diabetes, 779 women who developed GDM and 41\u2003007 non\u2010diabetic controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Maternal free \u03b2\u2010hCG and PAPP\u2010A levels were expressed as multiples of the respective normal median (MoM), and fetal NT was expressed as a difference from the expected median (\u0394).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main outcome measures\u2002<\/jats:bold> Comparison of median MoM maternal free \u03b2\u2010hCG and PAPP\u2010A, and fetal NT, in the four outcome groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> There were no significant differences between the groups in median \u0394NT and maternal free \u03b2\u2010hCG MoM. Maternal median PAPP\u2010A in type\u20102 diabetes, compared with the non\u2010diabetic group, was reduced (0.75 MoM, IQR 0.50\u20131.09 MoM versus 1.00 MoM, IQR 0.68\u20131.42 MoM; <jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20030.001), which resulted in doubling in the false\u2010positive rate in the combined screening in this population. There were no significant differences in maternal PAPP\u2010A between the other groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> In women with type\u20102 diabetes, the estimation of accurate patient\u2010specific risk in the first trimester combined screening for aneuploidies necessitates an adjustment of maternal serum PAPP\u2010A.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03253.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]],"date-time":"2012-02-10T23:01:53Z","timestamp":1328914913000},"page":"410-416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["First trimester maternal serum free \u03b2\u2010human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy\u2010associated plasma protein A in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"MD","family":"Savvidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Syngelaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Muhaisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Emelyanenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KH","family":"Nicolaides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.02904.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.1998.770204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01212.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","volume-title":"Diabetes in Pregnancy: Are we providing the best care? 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