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The aim of this work was to investigate if 17\u2010\u03b2\u2010estradiol (\u03b2E) was able to prevent hippocampal\u2010related behavioral and biochemical changes induced by neonatal ionizing radiation exposure and to elucidate a potential neuroprotective mechanism. Male Wistar rats were irradiated with 5\u2003Gy of X\u2010rays between 24 and 48\u2003h after birth. A subset of rats was subcutaneously administered with successive injections of \u03b2E or 17\u2010\u03b1\u2010estradiol (\u03b1E), prior and after irradiation. Rats were subjected to different behavioral tasks to evaluate habituation and associative memory as well as anxiety levels. Hippocampal ROS levels and protein kinase C (PKC) activity were also assessed. Results show that although \u03b2E was unable to prevent radiation\u2010induced hippocampal PKC activity changes, most behavioral abnormalities were reversed. Moreover, hippocampal ROS levels in \u03b2E\u2010treated irradiated rats approached control values. In addition, \u03b1E administered to irradiated animals was effective in preventing radiation\u2010induced alterations. In conclusion, \u03b2E was able to counteract behavioral and biochemical changes induced in irradiated animals, probably acting through an antioxidant mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07334.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,3]],"date-time":"2011-06-03T09:39:02Z","timestamp":1307093942000},"page":"626-635","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An early treatment with 17\u2010\u03b2\u2010estradiol is neuroprotective against the long\u2010term effects of neonatal ionizing radiation exposure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Lucila G.","family":"Caceres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soledad L.","family":"Uran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda A.","family":"Zorrilla Zubilete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan I.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Capani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura R.","family":"Guelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0189"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8774153"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2588-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2005.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2009.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199809140-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2006.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn846"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.51.4.535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2005.00151.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2008.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2008.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.11.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(98)00046-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199911000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4547(20001115)62:4<557::AID-JNR10>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2006.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(99)00069-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.1.7911","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in middle\u2010aged female rats","volume":"142","author":"Dubal D. 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