{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:25:11Z","timestamp":1783527911625,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]],"date-time":"2011-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The implication of oxidative stress associated with increased oxidant production in mammalian and human cells characterized by the release of free radicals, resulting in cellular degeneration, is involved in many ocular diseases, such as age\u2010related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, retinal light damage, primary open\u2010angle glaucoma (POAG), and cataract. Cataract is the leading cause of blindness, accounting for 50% of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness, is considered as a progressive optic neuropathy often caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) consequent to abnormally high resistance to aqueous humor (AH) drainage via the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm\u2019s canal. Morphological and biochemical analyses of the TM of patients with POAG revealed the loss of cells, increased accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM), changes in the cytoskeleton, cellular senescence, and the process of subclinical inflammation. The TM is the target tissue of glaucoma in the anterior chamber, and the development and progression of glaucoma are accompanied by the accumulation of oxidative damage in this tissue. The separate studies were conducted to comparatively evaluate the sensitivity to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) of anterior chamber tissues including TM. Accumulation of the primary, secondary, and end products of LPO (diene and triene conjugates, Schiff\u2019s bases) was noted in the studied extracts. Significant differences in the levels of all mentioned LPO products in comparison with the control were observed. The data may be considered as an evidence of LPO participation in the destruction of the trabecule and Schlemm\u2019s canal in POAG. Treatment of TM cells with oxidative stress induced POAG\u2010typical changes such as ECM accumulation, cell death, disarrangement of the cytoskeleton, advanced senescence, and the release of inflammatory markers. By pretreatment with antioxidants, prostaglandin analogs, beta\u2010blockers, or local carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, these effects were markedly reduced. Oxidative stress can induce characteristic glaucomatous TM changes, and these oxidative stress\u2013induced TM changes can be minimized by the use of antioxidants and IOP\u2010lowering substances. It is tempting to speculate that the prevention of oxidative stress exposure to the TM may help to reduce the progression of POAG. The author\u2019s laboratory has developed and patented the dual combination therapy with <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylcarnosine lubricant eye drops and oral formulation of nonhydrolyzed carnosine in ripe cataracts and POAG. The specific regimen for the treatment in each stage of age\u2010related ophthalmic disease has been taken up. In the treatment of POAG, this dual therapy can be combined with conventional antiglaucoma therapy with beta\u2010blocking and\/or adrenergic agonist medicines providing the significant IOP\u2010lowering effect and significant increase in outflow facility. The developed therapy is a prominent management care of the glaucomatous neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00969.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T22:39:40Z","timestamp":1314830380000},"page":"86-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Biomarkers and special features of oxidative stress in the anterior segment of the eye linked to lens cataract and the trabecular meshwork injury in primary open\u2010angle glaucoma: challenges of dual combination therapy with <i>N<\/i>\u2010acetylcarnosine lubricant eye drops and oral formulation of nonhydrolyzed carnosine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Babizhayev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"Oxidative stress in ocular disease","volume":"112","author":"Ohira A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187221109789105621"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2002.tb03009.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_5_2","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Elimination of cataract blindness: a global perspective entering the new millenium","volume":"45","author":"Apple D.J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pu.17.050196.001111"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2009.01583.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-199030010-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.6.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.42774"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282f154bd"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_2","first-page":"681","article-title":"Strategic issues in preventing cataract blindness in developing countries","volume":"73","author":"Ellwein L.B.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"issue":"65","key":"e_1_2_15_13_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cataract complications","volume":"21","author":"Yorston D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Community Eye Res. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_2","unstructured":"GierhartD.L. DoreyK.C. KellyP.D.: US20060039954 (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.12.7672510"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(68)80018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_2","first-page":"94","article-title":"Growth potential, repair capacity and protein synthesis in lens epithelial cells during aging in vitro","volume":"17","author":"Rink H.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Monogr. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(76)90033-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_2","volume-title":"Molecular and cellular biology of the eye lens","author":"Hockwin O.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_2","first-page":"130","article-title":"The search for a solution to senile cataracts. Proctor lecture","volume":"25","author":"Spector A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000027474"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(88)90080-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689308999484"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.16.7485"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(89)90025-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688408997188"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689309024624"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(90)90006-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(89)80063-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689009003475"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9084(96)88119-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(94)90014-0"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_15_34_2","first-page":"1233","article-title":"Oxidant\u2010antioxidant system: role and significance in human body","volume":"40","author":"Irshad M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(73)90145-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_36_2","first-page":"344","article-title":"The effect of aqueous humor ascorbate on ultraviolet\u2010B\u2010induced DNA damage in lens epithelium","volume":"39","author":"Reddy V.N.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_15_37_2","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Glutathione S\u2010transferase M1 genotype and age\u2010related cataracts. Lack of association in an Italian population","volume":"37","author":"Alberti G.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_38_2","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Free radicals in biology and medicine","author":"Halliwell B.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_39_2","first-page":"l63","article-title":"The effect of \u2018oxygen radicals\u2019 generated in the medium on lenses in organ culture: inhibition of damage by chelated iron","volume":"24","author":"Zigler J.S.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.7.3504"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7375939"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_42_2","first-page":"679","article-title":"Effects of singlet oxygen on human lens crystallins in vitro","volume":"20","author":"Goosey J.D.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1987.tb04893.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.2298\/SARH0304137Z","article-title":"Parameters of oxidative stress in the lens, aqueous humor and blood in patients with diabetes and senile cataracts","volume":"131","author":"Zori\u0107 L.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Srp. Arh. Celok. Lek."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00126839-200506060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2007.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488506775268425"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287399309531806"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/11.9.1447"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210801800116"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_51_2","first-page":"331","article-title":"Some risk factors associated with cataract in S.E. Scotland: a pilot study","volume":"102","author":"Clayton R.M.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Trans. Ophthalmol. Soc. UK"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-206921-5.50008-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000266734"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90046-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(89)90088-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1989.tb01872.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(86)90080-1"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_58_2","first-page":"939","article-title":"Distribution of phospholipid\u2010malondialdehyde\u2010adduct in the human lens","volume":"8","author":"Borchman D.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(86)90559-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769109145837"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1994.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689609003458"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688608995163"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_64_2","first-page":"202","article-title":"Serum lipid peroxide levels in rats with inherited cataracts","volume":"7","author":"Yagi K.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(83)90018-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_66_2","first-page":"651","article-title":"Macrophage mediated damage to rat lenses in culture: a possible model for uveitis\u2010associated cataract","volume":"24","author":"Zigler J.S.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_67_2","first-page":"608","article-title":"A lipid peroxidative mechanism for posterior subcapsular cataract formation in the rabbit: a possible model for cataract formation in tapetoretinal diseases","volume":"25","author":"Goosey J.D.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(85)90095-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(92)90102-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02536472"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1993.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.023"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_15_74_2","first-page":"1633","article-title":"Oxidative inhibition of Ca2+\u2010ATPase in the rabbit lens","volume":"30","author":"Borchman D.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_75_2","volume-title":"Lipid peroxidation in biomembranes","author":"Kagan V.E.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(92)90111-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02169418"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(89)90085-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(91)90047-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2690531"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02969268"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_82_2","first-page":"169","article-title":"Photosensitized generation of singlet molecular oxygen by endogenous substances of the eye lens","volume":"32","author":"Egorov S.Iu.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biofizika"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(77)90284-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(91)90230-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(92)90112-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769109145838"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(78)90229-5"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_15_88_2","first-page":"158","article-title":"Decomposition of H2O2 by human cataractous lenses","volume":"102","author":"Babizhaev M.A.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biull. Eksp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(83)90085-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000265254"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0747-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(81)80107-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0960244"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/205500a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000265469"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02160345"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90127-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_98_2","first-page":"467","volume-title":"Glutathione: chemical, biochemical, and medical aspects, part B","author":"Rathbun W.B.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1170957"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(87)80095-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(82)90302-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_102_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Accumulation of copper and inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in human senile cataractous lens","volume":"7","author":"Nath R.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_103_2","first-page":"104","article-title":"Study of copper in the aqueous humor","volume":"20","author":"Gerhard J.P.","year":"1966","journal-title":"Doc. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/20.2.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02629133"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10611860802438736"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488409787236074"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e318195e327"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_109_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"N\u2010Acetylcarnosine sustained drug delivery eye drops to control the signs of ageless vision: glare sensitivity, cataract amelioration and quality of vision currently available treatment for the challenging 50,000\u2010patient population","volume":"4","author":"Babizhayev M.A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187221110793237547"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(92)90145-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680802500960"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.10.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_114_2","first-page":"619","article-title":"Cytoskeletal involvement in the regulation of aqueous humor outflow","volume":"41","author":"Tian B.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_115_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Editorial: the drainage of aqueous humor","volume":"14","author":"Bill A.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(89)90017-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(92)90151-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2005.10.011"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_121_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Morphological alterations of the trabecular meshwork in primary open angle glaucoma [Article in Spanish]","volume":"75","author":"Potau J.M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_122_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ultrastructural characteristics of glaucomatous trabecular meshwork [Article in Spanish]","volume":"75","author":"Potau J.M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2005.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_124_2","first-page":"1667","article-title":"The decline in aqueous secretion and outflow facility with age","volume":"97","author":"Becker B.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1989.tb01617.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3871"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_127_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Open angle glaucoma: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention [Article in Italian]","volume":"97","author":"Izzotti A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Recenti Prog. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.4.458"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.87"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_15_130_2","first-page":"2414","article-title":"Glycosaminoglycan stratification of the juxtacanalicular tissue in normal and primary open\u2010angle glaucoma","volume":"37","author":"Knepper P.A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_131_2","first-page":"89","volume-title":"The glaucomas","author":"Lutjen\u2010Drecoll E.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081307"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_133_2","first-page":"148","article-title":"Interactions between endothelia of the trabecular meshwork and of Schlemm\u2019s canal: a new insight into the regulation of aqueous outflow in the eye","volume":"103","author":"Alvarado J.A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_134_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Recent advances in glaucoma","author":"Alvarado J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(84)34248-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(94)90041-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199906000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(199908)180:2<182::AID-JCP6>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(96)80066-X"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_143_2","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Glutathione in calf trabecular meshwork and its relation to aqueous humor outflow facility","volume":"24","author":"Kahn M.G.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90129-I"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_145_2","first-page":"714","article-title":"Age\u2010related changes in trabecular meshwork cellularity","volume":"21","author":"Alvarado J.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.11.008"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_147_2","first-page":"2515","article-title":"Effects of hydrogen peroxide\u2010induced oxidative damage on outflow facility and washout in pig eyes","volume":"32","author":"Yan D.B.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199400320-00006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_149_2","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Aqueous humor stimulates the migration of human trabecular meshwork cells in vitro","volume":"41","author":"Hogg P.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2007.00519.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.08.002"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_15_152_2","first-page":"1330","article-title":"Superoxide dismutase and catalase of calf trabecular meshwork","volume":"26","author":"Freedman S.F.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_15_153_2","first-page":"887","article-title":"Glutathione reductase of calf trabecular meshwork","volume":"26","author":"Nguyen K.P.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_154_2","first-page":"599","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase of calf trabecular meshwork","volume":"25","author":"Scott D.R.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_155_2","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Effect of age on superoxide dismutase activity of human trabecular meshwork","volume":"37","author":"De La Paz M.A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199610000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_157_2","first-page":"210","article-title":"Oxidative stress in cultured human trabecular cells suppression of prostaglandin production","volume":"27","author":"Barksdale S.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_15_158_2","first-page":"2402","article-title":"Human and monkey trabecular meshwork accumulate alpha B\u2010crystallin in response to heat shock and oxidative stress","volume":"37","author":"Tamm E.R.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_15_159_2","first-page":"2235","article-title":"AlphaB\u2010crystallin in the trabecular meshwork is inducible by transforming growth factor\u2010beta","volume":"40","author":"Welge\u2010L\u00fcssen U.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_15_160_2","first-page":"1360","article-title":"Glycosaminoglycans of the human trabecular meshwork in primary open\u2010angle glaucoma","volume":"37","author":"Knepper P.A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.12.016"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_15_162_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Stimulatory effects of ascorbic acid on hyaluronic acid synthesis of in vitro cultured normal and glaucomatous trabecular meshwork cells of the human eye","volume":"26","author":"Schachtschabel D.O.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Z. Gerontol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00418-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(98)90068-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00762780"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_15_166_2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Findings on the hypotensive intraocular effect of high oral doses of ascorbic acid. Preliminary results in glaucoma therapy [Article in Italian]","volume":"46","author":"Virno M.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Boll. Ocul."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_15_167_2","first-page":"487","article-title":"The pressure lowering effect of ascorbic acid","volume":"4","author":"Fishbein S.L.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_168_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1969.tb08156.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_169_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork of POAG [Article in German]","volume":"227","author":"Welge\u2010L\u00fcssen U.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Klin. Monbl. Augenheilkd."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_170_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(89)80074-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_171_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)01385-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_172_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_173_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(87)80071-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_174_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2005.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_175_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)01127-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_176_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00114-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_177_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00788-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_178_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713680903548970"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_179_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1987.38"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_15_180_2","first-page":"558","article-title":"Age\u2010related changes in the trabecular meshwork of the normal human eye","volume":"31","author":"Miyazaki M.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_181_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00108.2003"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_15_182_2","first-page":"2466","article-title":"Retroperfusion studies of the aqueous outflow system. Part 2: studies in human eyes","volume":"36","author":"Ethier C.R.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_183_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.11.033"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_184_2","first-page":"1661","article-title":"The relationship between pore density and outflow facility in human eyes","volume":"33","author":"Allingham R.R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_185_2","first-page":"2950","article-title":"The pore density in the inner wall endothelium of Schlemm\u2019s canal of glaucomatous eyes","volume":"43","author":"Johnson M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_186_2","first-page":"160","article-title":"Morphology of the trabecular meshwork and inner\u2010wall endothelium after cationized ferritin perfusion in the monkey eye","volume":"32","author":"Epstein D.L.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_15_187_2","first-page":"1795","article-title":"Cationic ferritin changes outflow facility in human eyes whereas anionic ferritin does not","volume":"42","author":"Ethier C.R.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_15_188_2","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Factors affecting the pores of the inner wall endothelium of Schlemm\u2019s canal","volume":"38","author":"Sit A.J.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_189_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ijg.0000131757.63542.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_190_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.103.038133"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_191_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C330","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1999.277.2.C330","article-title":"Glucocorticoids regulate transendothelial fluid flow resistance and formation of intercellular junctions","volume":"277","author":"Underwood J.L.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_15_192_2","first-page":"1803","article-title":"Expression of aquaporin\u20101 in human trabecular meshwork cells: role in resting cell volume","volume":"42","author":"Stamer W.D.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_193_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689508995815"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_194_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_195_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(99)00026-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_196_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2460"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_197_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200206000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_198_2","first-page":"168","volume-title":"Nitric oxide and endothelin in the pathogenesis of glaucoma","author":"Wiederholt M.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_199_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00947082"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_200_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(99)00009-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_201_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0687"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_202_2","first-page":"135","article-title":"An endothelin\u20101\u2010induced model of chronic optic nerve ischemia in rhesus monkeys","volume":"5","author":"Org\u00fcl S.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_203_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689508995821"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_204_2","first-page":"158","volume-title":"Nitric oxide and endothelin in the pathogenesis of glaucoma","author":"Tamm E.R.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_205_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400580"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_206_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2004.04.006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_207_2","first-page":"24","article-title":"Pathogenetic factors of destructive process in trabecular tissues in primary open\u2010angle glaucoma","volume":"116","author":"Bunin A.Ia.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vestn. oftalmol."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_208_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(89)90222-1"}],"container-title":["Fundamental &amp; Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1472-8206.2011.00969.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00969.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T19:53:27Z","timestamp":1698695607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00969.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00969.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2011.00969.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0767-3981","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-8206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-08-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}