{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T10:50:40Z","timestamp":1773658240167,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,9]],"date-time":"2004-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Auton Autocoid Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\u2003The great taxonomic and prey base diversity of colubrids (non\u2010front\u2010fanged snakes) suggests that their venoms may represent a \u2018literal gold mine\u2019 for scientists eager to find novel pharmacological probes (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#b19\">Mackessy, 2002<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\u2003While pharmacological characterization is lacking for most of these venoms, this is even more so with regard to activity of colubrid venoms on the mammalian autonomic nervous system. This study characterizes the activity of venom from the colubrid, <jats:italic>Boiga dendrophila<\/jats:italic> using <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> smooth muscle preparations and the anaesthetized rat.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\u2003In the prostatic segment of the rat vas deferens, cumulative additions of venom (1\u2013150\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) induced concentration\u2010dependent inhibition of electrically evoked (0.2\u2003Hz, 0.3\u2003ms, 70\u2013100\u2003V) twitches. The inhibitory effect of venom (100\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was attenuated by 8\u2010phenyltheophylline (8\u2010PT) (20\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and 8\u2010cyclopentyl\u20101, 3\u2010dipropylxanthine (20\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) but not idazoxan (1\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), or a combination of ranitidine (0.2\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) and thioperamide (10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). The inhibitory effect of venom (100\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was augmented by dipyridamole (10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) but abolished by pretreatment with adenosine deaminase (7.5\u2003units\/100\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l) suggesting that it contains components with adenosine A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> receptor activity, most likely adenosine.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\u2003In isolated segments of guinea\u2010pig ileum, venom (10\u2013100\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\u2003ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) caused concentration\u2010dependent contractions which were inhibited by the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine (0.1\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) but not by the histamine receptor antagonist mepyramine (0.5\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>).<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\u2003In the anaesthetized rat, venom (5\u20137.5\u2003mg\u2003kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, i.v.) caused a hypotensive effect.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\u2003Our data suggest that the venom contains components with purinergic and muscarinic receptor activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-8673.2004.00322.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,9]],"date-time":"2004-12-09T14:07:12Z","timestamp":1102601232000},"page":"107-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i> pharmacological activity of <i>Boiga dendrophila<\/i> (mangrove catsnake) venom"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"N. G.","family":"Lumsden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. G.","family":"Fry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. M.","family":"Kini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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