{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T20:40:16Z","timestamp":1697056816396},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,17]],"date-time":"2006-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction\u2002<\/jats:bold> It has been proposed that exogenous pulmonary surfactant can be used as a drug delivery system for immunosuppressive agents to the alveolar compartment of the lung while reducing the risk of systemic toxicity. Before using this combination, however, alterations in activity of both substances should be examined. Therefore, this study investigated whether the activity of a natural derived surfactant preparation is changed after it is mixed with cyclosporine A (CsA) or rapamycin (RPM).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> A surfactant suspension was mixed with CsA or RPM and minimal surface tension of these mixtures was measured <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Surfactant activity was evaluated <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> by its capacity to restore gas exchange in an established model of surfactant deficiency in rats. CsA\u2013surfactant, RPM\u2013surfactant or surfactant alone was instilled intratracheally and blood gases were measured under standardized ventilatory conditions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Minimal surface tension of surfactant\u2013CsA was comparable with that of surfactant alone, whereas minimal surface tension of the surfactant\u2013RPM mixture was increased. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> partial arterial oxygen pressure levels increased immediately to prelavage values after instillation of CsA\u2013surfactant, RPM\u2013surfactant and surfactant only and were comparable during the entire study period.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> The activity of a naturally derived surfactant was affected when mixed with RPM but not when mixed with CsA at the used concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097x.2006.00700.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,18]],"date-time":"2006-10-18T08:25:54Z","timestamp":1161159954000},"page":"357-361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Surfactant as a carrier: influence of immunosuppressive agents on surfactant activity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Gommers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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