{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T08:29:42Z","timestamp":1789979382884,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]],"date-time":"2012-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1345161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Physio Funct Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The arteriovenous anastomoses (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVA<\/jats:styled-content>s) in the distal parts of the extremities play a significant role in the heat exchange with the environment. The aim of the study was to examine the thermal responses to whole\u2010body cooling in air, and especially the behaviour of finger skin temperature (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>, rich in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVA<\/jats:styled-content>s). Eight young men sat in minimal clothing at 32\u00b0C air temperature (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>), which was then lowered gradually to 13\u00b0C in 100\u00a0min. In the beginning of cooling, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub> was high and fluctuating, and then suddenly exhibited a rapid fall, while temperatures in other skin sites fell fairly linearly along decreasing <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub> to the end of cooling. During the period from start to the rapid fall in <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>, rectal temperature decreased from 37\u00b74\u00b0C (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> 0\u00b72) to 37\u00b72\u00b0C (0\u00b72), mean skin temperature (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub>) from 34\u00b76\u00b0C (0\u00b75) to 31\u00b72\u00b0C (2\u00b70) and whole\u2010body thermal sensation from \u2018slightly warm\/warm\u2019 to \u2018slightly cool\/cold\u2019. The start of the steep fall in <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub> varied considerably between individuals in terms of time (2\u201375\u00a0min), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub> (16\u00b77\u201332\u00b70\u00b0C) and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub> (28\u00b78\u201334\u00b77\u00b0C). On the other hand, the range of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub> at that point was narrower (32\u00b71\u201335\u00b78\u00b0C). The findings stress the importance of taking into account the distal skin temperatures in thermoregulatory studies in addition to the ordinarily used more proximal and central skin sites. Also, it might be advisable to start such experiments with relatively high and fluctuating <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub> to guarantee that the thermal state of the subject is well defined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097x.2012.01151.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]],"date-time":"2012-08-17T05:55:11Z","timestamp":1345182911000},"page":"463-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Thermal responses to whole\u2010body cooling in air with special reference to arteriovenous anastomoses in fingers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Leif","family":"Vanggaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Arctic Institute Copenhagen K Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalev","family":"Kuklane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Thermal Environment Laboratory, Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingvar","family":"Holmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Thermal Environment Laboratory, Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhani","family":"Smolander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Thermal Environment Laboratory, Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01265.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1993.tb09489.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"R325","article-title":"Effect of local warming on hand and finger artery blood velocities","volume":"269","author":"Bergersen TK","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1939.127.3.437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004840050056"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-5076-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0420243","article-title":"Total and nutritional blood flow in the finger","volume":"42","author":"Coffmann JD","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology. 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