{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T07:31:14Z","timestamp":1778225474560,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]],"date-time":"2004-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We measured thresholds for detecting changes in colour and in luminance contrast in observers with multiple sclerosis (MS) and\/or optic neuritis (ON) to determine whether reduced sensitivity occurs principally in red\u2010green or blue\u2010yellow second\u2010stage chromatic channels or in an achromatic channel. Colour thresholds for the observers with MS\/ON were higher in the red\u2010green direction than in the blue\u2010yellow direction, indicating greater levels of red\u2010green loss than blue\u2010yellow loss. Achromatic thresholds were raised less than either red\u2010green or blue\u2010yellow thresholds, showing less luminance\u2010contrast loss than chromatic loss. With the MS\/ON observers, blue\u2010yellow and red\u2010green thresholds were positively correlated but increasing impairment was associated with more rapid changes in red\u2010green thresholds than blue\u2010yellow thresholds. These findings indicate that demyelinating disease selectively reduces sensitivity to colour vision over luminance vision and red\u2010green colours over blue\u2010yellow colours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2004.00191.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]],"date-time":"2004-05-06T04:25:53Z","timestamp":1083817553000},"page":"225-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Chromatic and luminance losses with multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis measured using dynamic random luminance contrast noise"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Zele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Colour Vision Deficiencies VI","author":"Alvarez S. 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